Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño

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    Estudio de la influencia del proceso de soldadura del acero HSLA ASTM A500 GR C utilizado en carrocerías de buses en sus propiedades mecánicas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño, 2020-09) Carrasco Carrasco, Luis Roberto; López Villacís, Gonzalo Eduardo
    This research is intended to define the influence of the heat contributed by the welding process of the bus bodywork on the properties of the material and its capacity of resistance to impact, and for this purpose it began with the testing of ASTM A500 steel without welding. Then, the test was carried out with the E6011 electrode central weld and with the ER70S-6 electrode, measuring the deformation with an initial length of 100mm. It can be effectively verified that the welding process does affect the properties of the material. The most affected property was the modulus of elasticity with a change that exceeded 80 percent, which means that the welding process modified the material making it more rigid and brittle due to the change in temperature and the cooling rate. The yield stress of the material in the welded area decreased to 10 percent, which also reduces the safety factor in this area. Following this, the impact simulation of the front of the bus bodywork was modeled and performed by using the results of the tests in the welding area. The simulation results allowed to identify the areas where the greatest stresses occur, these were located in the area of the frontal collision near the welded joints, but not on the welds. The stress in these areas exceeded the maximum yield stress, but the percentage deformations were less than the tests without breaking the structure.
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    Análisis de soldabilidad del acero HSLA ASTM A1011 GR 50 y su incidencia en la fabricación de carrocerías metálicas para buses
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño, 2019) Poveda Almeida, Welligton Vladimir; Yunapanta Velastegui, José Luis
    This investigation carried out, based on the large number of companies that manufacture metal buses bodies, which exist in Ecuador, use welding as the main process, these performed the weldability analysis between the ASTM A500 Gr C steel and the HSLA ASTM A1011 Gr 50, to investigate their weldment behaviour of a section of the body structure, in which the type of joint, parameters and welding processes to be used were analyzed. In addition, his work was based in a bibliographic way, where several documents were found with which it was possible to base this research in a profound way, at the same time, chemical, mechanical and physical tests were carried out with the cooperation of the company VARMA S.A., with the laboratories of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato, the laboratories of the Salesian Polytechnic University and the Center for the Development of Carrocero Metallechanical Productivity, as well as every invaluable technical staff and human talent from each area, to determine the properties of each material by carrying out tests such as: penetrating liquids, metallography, hardness, tensile strength and impact, to finally compare the results and identify the incidence of each one on the manufacture of bodies. Finally, some mechanical properties of HSLA ASTM A1011 Gr 50 steel were obtained, which outperformed ASTM A500 Gr C steel, thus concluding that these results contribute to both business and country development.