Browsing by Author "López Villacís, Gonzalo Eduardo"
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Item Análisis aerodinámico de un prototipo de auto eléctrico BIPLAZA UTA CIM17(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Alba Tarabata, Reinaldo Paul; Guangasi Núñez, Diego Fabián; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoItem Análisis de la aleación mecánica de aluminio 1060 con porcentajes controlados en peso de zinc y su incidencia en la resistencia última a la tensión, dureza e impacto(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño, 2019) Pineda Silva, Giovanny Vinicio; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe research project begins due to the need to have technically documented information related to powder metallurgy within the scope of mechanical alloy, manufacturing process that is entering into the National Industry, due to the advantages it presents with respect to traditional processes; being the most representative, a more exact control of the limits of the composition, optimization of raw material and is a process susceptible to automation with good surface finish for serial production of mechanical components. The experimental process of the mechanical alloy begins with the obtaining of mechanical powder of the base elements: Aluminum 1060 with particle size 30 micrometers and alloying: Zinc with particle size between 45−63 micrometers through the use of ball mill and a screening control; mixing process based on the percentages in weight defined for the subsequent compaction and sintering of the test pieces for the correct development of the tests. The study of tensile strength, hardness and impact was developed though the control of variables of percentage by weight of alloying element: 0.5 – 1.0 y 1.5 percentage Zinc, and sintering temperature: 462 celcius degrees y 594 celsius degrees ; the best results were obtained in the case of a study developed with 1 percentage Zinc and a temperature of 594 celsius degrees, where the hardness and tensile strength were increased by 69 percentage and 12.29 percentage respectively in relation to the base element; while the impact resistance as a function of the energy absorbed decreases by 39.40 percentage in the best case 1 percentage Zinc and 462 celsius degrees; in addition, the controlled variables are correlated with each other and directly affect the properties under study according to the statistical analysis developed by Fisher’s test.Item Análisis de la estructura del chasis Hino AK8JRSA y su incidencia en el comportamiento mecánico general del bus interprovincial en la Industria Metálica Cepeda (IMCE)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2015) López Pazmiño, Luis Damián; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoLa investigación se basa en la simulación del bastidor junto con todas las cargas que constituyen sus accesorios, además de las cargas producidas por la carrocería construida por Industria Metálica Cepeda, mediante la utilización de un software de elementos finitos. Para poder realizar la simulación se tomó en cuenta las propiedades por las cuales está constituido el chasis, las mismas que fueron comprobadas mediante ensayos de materiales en laboratorios; como son: ensayos de tracción, fatiga, dureza e impacto, obteniendo buenos resultados. Incluso se toma en cuenta las propiedades de los materiales por los cuales está constituido la carrocería. Se efectúa la simulación del bastidor para comprobar cuál es el estado de soporte que brinda al momento de montar la carrocería. Para lo cual se realiza la modelación del mismo y se ejecuta. Con esto también se logra conocer cuál es el mejor tipo de anclaje que se puede ocupar para la unión chasis carrocería.Item Análisis de material sinterizado aluminio 1060 con BABBIT B 23 ALLOY 2 y su incidencia en la resistencia a la tracción, dureza y desgaste combinados por mezcla de polvos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Beltrán Acurio, Jaime Andrés; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe metallic powders of the materials Aluminum 1060 and Babbit b 23 alloy 2 were obtained by means of the mechanical milling process in a ball mill, which took a duration of 9 hours, optimizing that the area is free of contaminating agents, to achieve the purity of the materials and the combination of aluminum with babbit methods. These groups were mixed in a percentage of 10%, 20%, 30% of Babbit and the rest with aluminum, from which it obtained three different groups of volumetric fractions to be studied; The compaction of the volumetric fractions corresponds to a group that was prepared for the cold pressing method with a pressure of 270 MPa which in the sintering process reached a temperature of 660 ° C. In the present investigation, the influence of the changes of percentages in Babbit in the mixture with the Aluminum, likewise it is studied in the mechanical properties that to the durability, wear and traction exposing the samples to tests under the ASTM norms. These tests reflect that the combination of these materials in a volumetric fraction of 80% aluminum 1060 with 20% Babbit b 23 alloy 2, greatly improve the resistance and wear resistance in both cases, and in the case of the Babbit better the tensile strength. 10% and 30% of babbit deteriorate the mechanical properties of the combination of the materials obtained by the powder metallurgy methodItem Análisis del bronce fosforado de corte libre C54400 combinado por mezcla de polvos, y su incidencia en la dureza, tracción e impacto(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020) Guerrero Paredes, Christian Javier; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe process in obtaining the copper, tin, lead and zinc metal powders was carried out by using an attritor ball mill which performs a mechanical grinding process, which took a grinding time of 40 minutes, verifying that the grinding cylinder is free of impurities which could contaminate the material, after obtaining the powder of the different materials, it was screened to acquire the appropriate grain size (63 - 45 um) for the mixture, this process is He made it to the artisanal material since the commercial was already obtained with the appropriate grain size.- The mixture was made using specific percentages of the materials which are: 88 percent copper, 4 percent tin, 4 percent of lead and 4 percent zinc.- In the compaction of the specimens the cold pressing method was used in a hydraulic press, for the specimens a pressure of 250 MPa was used, in the sinter The test specimens were taken at two temperatures of 800 degrees Celsius and 900 degrees Celsius.- Once the specimens have been sintered, the hardness, tensile and impact tests are carried out according to the standards established in the investigation, these tests show The mechanical properties of the sintered material.Item Análisis estructural de las cuadernas centrales para optimizar el peso en el UAV gavilán en el centro de investigación y desarrollo de la Fuerza Aérea Ecuatoriana(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2016) Pineda Núñez, Wilson Orlando; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoItem Análisis estructural de los planos de vuelo del dirigible 27T del centro de investigación y desarrollo de la Fuerza Aérea Ecuatoriana para mejorar su comportamiento mecánico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2015-03) Pineda Silva, Giovanny Vinicio; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoEl proyecto se desarrolló de acuerdo a la planificación establecida y a los requerimientos del Departamento de Diseño del Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de la Fuerza Aérea Ecuatoriana; es decir, en primera instancia se efectuó el análisis estructural de los planos de vuelo, a través de la aplicación del método de elementos finitos en un software de diseño y simulación con su comprobación posterior mediante cálculos matemáticos, donde se determinó presiones máximas, esfuerzos combinados presentes y el factor de seguridad actual, con lo cual se pudo identificar zonas críticas de los planos de vuelo que provocaban fallas sobre el dirigible 27T en operaciones de vuelo. Una vez identificadas las falencias estructurales de las superficies aerodinámicas, se elaboró una tabla de ponderación, con la finalidad de facilitar y encaminar de forma adecuada el rediseño de estos elementos, realizando la preselección del material apropiado, así como posibles configuraciones estructurales o adecuaciones, que permitan mejorar su comportamiento mecánico. Con los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de los planos de vuelo, se rediseñó estos componentes considerando las zonas de menor resistencia: parte móvil, elementos de acople o unión y zonas sometidas a perforaciones para colocación de cuerdas tensoras, además se optó por utilizar un pasador en la zona de acoplamiento en lugar de bisagras con la finalidad de disminuir la concentración de esfuerzos. Al finalizar el rediseño de la estructura de los planos de vuelo, se realizó el análisis CFD (módulo de fluidos), simulación de resistencia estática y de fatiga mediante elementos finitos, obteniendo resultados favorables, consiguiendo mejorar efectivamente el comportamiento mecánico de las superficies aerodinámicas.Item Análisis estructural del TWIN BOOM para la optimización del peso en el avión no tripulado gavilán del centro de investigación y desarrollo de la Fuerza Aérea Ecuatoriana(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2016) Carrasco Carrasco, Luis Roberto; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoItem Análisis experimental y computacional de la eficiencia del motor Stirling M16-v4-d para el Laboratorio de Física de la Carrera de Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) Barroso García, Jorge Sebastián; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis work addresses an important issue that limited research possibilities in the Physics Laboratory of the Mechanical Engineering Department: the absence of a Stirling engine. This deficiency restricts the execution of experiments and studies related to advanced thermal machines. To solve this problem, a comprehensive experimental analysis of the M16-V4-D Stirling engine was carried out, with the aim of evaluating its output power and thermal efficiency under different conditions. The results obtained from the experiments provided valuable insight into understanding the behavior and actual performance of the engine. However, to obtain a more complete view, computational simulations were also employed to model the engine's operation under various situations and conditions. The findings from the experimental analysis and computational simulations demonstrated that the M16-V4-D Stirling engine was a promising choice for the Physics Laboratory. Its efficiency and ability to operate with external heat sources made it ideal for implementation in the said laboratory. By addressing the initial issue, this engine became a valuable educational and research tool for students and professors. Thanks to the incorporation of the Stirling engine, academic projects and practices in the field of thermodynamics and thermal machines have significantly enriched. Students will now have the opportunity to work with advanced technology that will allow them to conduct more complex research and delve deeper into the study of thermal machines, thus opening up new possibilities for innovation and development in this field.Item Diseño y construcción de un banco de pruebas para la comprobación de la segunda ley de newton en el laboratorio de física de la FICM-UTA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) Suarez Vargas, Alvaro Stalin; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis technical project is focused on the design and construction of a test bench that will be used to perform physics tests focused on the verification of Newton's second law. To realize this machine was implemented the elimination of contact friction between components by generating fluid films, this film is generated by a device that was selected by comparing systems with respect to criteria such as cost, availability and properties; after the comparison is evaluated in order of priority by CAE software through the CFD system, therefore, the best option for pumping air has a flow rate of 4.6 cubic meters per minute, then proceeding to the design of the base of the pumping system and its fastening elements. An electronic system with infrared sensors was used for data collection and a 4x4 keypad was used for control, with programmable buttons for digital and power control as well as data input. Finally, with the structure assembled, the tests were performed, in which the operation of the equipment was verified, and experimental time data was recorded to obtain velocities and accelerations that were compared with analytical data in which errors of up to 12 percent were presented, which when compared with existing equipment on the market, it is shown that it is within an acceptable rangeItem Diseño y construcción de un banco de pruebas para válvulas purgadoras de aire(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2025-02) Villacrés Paredes, Jimmy Ismael; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoIn this research, hydraulic, domestic and industrial pipes have an aeration problem, which is the presence of air in the pipe, and which can cause various problems of fluid changes from laminar to turbulence, noise, water hammer, cavitation, among others. In some sectors of our country this problem exists since we are in a mountainous area, which is why we have seen the need to carry out this research to develop a test bank. During the design process, tests were carried out with air bleed valves; Based on the research, triple-acting air purging valves were needed, then the structure and the piping system were designed with a water trap to help purge air when the pipe encounters water and air; The selection of the pump was made based on the primary and secondary losses that must be taken into account for the flow rate (GPM) and head (m), after this the selection of the 0.5 Hp pump was made, and for The measurement before and after the purge valve used flowmeters to measure the flow of water and air, allowing us to see the efficiency of the air purge valves. After the tests carried out, it was verified that there were no irregularities in the test bench, which operated satisfactorily; The flowmeter helped with the operation in a controlled manner for the collection of data from the tables and the efficiency that removes air from the piping system of the C30 triple-acting Bermad valve was verified, which has an efficiency of 30 percent, while the Ari Dg10 triple-acting valve has an efficiency of 45 percent, meeting the objectives set as this helps to achieve better compression in mechanical engineering.Item Diseño y construcción de un contenedor con atmósfera controlada para la fabricación de espuma de aluminio para el laboratorio de materiales de la Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Sánchez Núñez, Esteban David; Jijón Cunalata, Erick Steven; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoIn the area of Materials Engineering at the Technical University of Ambato there is no controlled atmosphere machine for materials research. Therefore, in the development of the project, the construction of the machine for the manufacture of aluminum foam used in the automotive and aeronautical process has been proposed due to its favorable mechanical properties for the reduction of weights, in the development of the project it was determined that Three systems intervene in the manufacture, the generation of vacuum inside the container with which a controlled atmosphere is achieved, later it enters the oven at a temperature of 740-800 degrees Celsius for a time of 1.5 to 2 hours, at the end of the indicated time is removed from the oven and concluded with the application of the inert gas system (Argon) during cooling, the inert gas allows us to accelerate the cooling of the sample and create a protection for the element. The project concludes with the manufacture of a container, purchase of equipment, assembly and tests, in the manufacture of the mold the design parameters have been defined in casting the aluminum, in a stainless steel container, with an easy-to-remove lid. and hermetic closure, tests were carried out in an oven at 740-800 degrees centigrade with a needle valve with quick coupling that allowed us to seal, open and close the container.Item Diseño y construcción de un dispensador de tela para una máquina troqueladora de puente en la empresa Distrishoes S.A.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Martínez Andino, Christian Andrés; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe present project is carried out in order to optimize the punching process, the same that is done by two operators in a machine. The punching consists of cutting a block of textile material (laminated canvas) formed by twelve layers or sheets.The fabric dispenser allows facilitating the transport of the material, to reduce the personnel to an operator and most importantly to avoid the loss of material due to misalignment of their layers. The present project consists of two main parts such as the rolls where twelve rolls of laminated textile canvas are housed and on the other hand fabric feeder those fulfills the function of unrolling the material and transport it to the cutting surface of the ATOM G 888 die cutter. The design is performed both analytically using the ASD method for Metal structures as by using two software, the one of Structural analysis and the other part design and modeling.Item Diseño y construcción de un giroscopio para el Laboratorio de Física de la Carrera de Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Ledesma Cárdenas, Oscar Francisco; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis project presents the need to offer the opportunity to carry out the experimentation practices and mandatory regulatory tests that the educational, productive, industrial and reseach sectors of the province and the country currently require. Reinforcing teaching so that students can gain a better understanding of the physical laws governing gyroscopes. The present reseach project focused on the design and costruction of a gyroscope, for which the corresponding studies were carried out regarding the appropriate dimensions of the device according to the place where it will be located and the designs available in the market, afterwards the designs was carried out in a mechanical modeling software, then the analytical design calculations were performed to verify that the device resists without suffering material fatigue failures due to the forces exerted by it. Once verified, we proceeded the construction of each of the constituent elements of the gyroscope to finally assemble it. At the end of the assembly, the corresponding tests were carried out to verify its correct operation in order to deliver it to the Physics Laboratory of the Technical University of Ambato.Item Diseño y construcción de un magnetrón para pulverizácion catódica para el Laboratorio de Materiales de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020) Núñez Chadán, Eduardo Mauricio; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoDue to a great research for the development of technology that allows us to study and analyze coatings on surfaces, their processes and techniques with which the properties of the surfaces of the materials are modified, this technical project is carried out which aims, the design and construction of a magnetron for a sputtering equipment, whose function is to provide coating to metal surfaces, using the technique of sputtering of direct current and magnetron (Magnetron sputtering DC). In the theoretical and analytical, the versatile design stands out, with a changeable blank, a large vacuum chamber, where the samples can be manipulated and a removable magnetron, built with accessible material with properties that support the corrosion to which it will ever be , The selection of permanent magnets of high power (Neodymium Magnets), a vacuum pump was made, the quality is important for the formation of plasma and the obtaining of coatings, in addition to having a liquid cooling system, which allows maintain a stable temperature, avoiding overheating and prolonging the time of use, a voltage variator and a transformer that allows to raise the x10 voltage with a rectifier bridge that converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This team allowed the obtaining of metallic coatings for the development of future research carried out by students and teachers in the materials laboratory of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato.Item Diseño y construcción de un molino de bolas de alta energía con sistema de refrigeración para aplicación de pulvimetalurgia para el Laboratorio de Materiales de la Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-10) Moya Campaña, Alex Abraham; Saquinga Sangucho, Edwin Vinicio; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis technical project was carried out due to the importance of implementing a high-energy ball mill for powder metallurgy application and in turn obtaining metal powders for the materials laboratory of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato. The project is directed at the design, construction, and operation tests, which are made up of a biphasic motor, eccentric, axles, gear wheels, tensioners, structural system components, for which the theoretical and practical part was investigated, with a grinding mechanism composed of a grinding base box, box lid, grinding tray and demolition elements, defining its support, where the axes have the function of generating movement through the gear wheels and the synchronous belt; where the size, weight and noise of the mill are very important parameters to design as well as the maximum volume of material to be ground; Thus defined its purpose of construction obtaining particle sizes of 0.30 to 4.72 mm, in a time that varies from 0 to 120 minutes. Finally, the machine was built with materials available on the market at affordable prices in case any change or maintenance is required.Item Diseño y construcción de un molino de bolas para aplicaciones de pulvimetalurgia en los Laboratorios de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Cabezas Casco, Erik Andrés; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThe ball mill is designed to help obtain new mechanical alloys, the design part of the amount by weight of material to be ground which is 2 kg. The ball mill has a stainless steel drum, the dimensions are 21 cm diameter and 34 cm in length ideal to withstand high grinding temperatures, it is also designed under milling parameters such as the critical speed at which the mill must operate, the actual power to be generated by the mill, is capable of supporting up to 18 kg which are decomposed into material to be ground, 8 kilograms by weight of the grinding bodies and 8 kilograms in wet milling, the support capacity of the drum is determined by software of fine elements, this type of mills is indispensable the calculation of the system of cascade, so that in the construction of the mill was added 4 interior grids that facilitates the obtaining of the metallic powder. In order to maintain the critical speed of 74 rpm, the transmission ratio in which the required gear unit and chain drive system is determined is calculated. The ball mill according to the distribution of the balls can obtain a size of 20 um of grain, which makes it ideal for making new mechanical alloys.Item Diseño y construcción de un molino de bolas planetario para el laboratorio de materiales de la Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Amores Balseca, Edwin Gustavo; Maldonado Bernabé, Christian Patricio; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis technical project was carried out due to the importance of implementing a planetary ball mill for the crushing of fine powders and at the same time obtaining steel chip spraying for the materials laboratory of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato The project is oriented in the design, construction, and functional tests that at the same time is composed of a two-phase motor, pulleys and a variable speed drive among other devices, for this, different types of mills were investigated. In the theoretical and analytical, the selection of a two-phase motor was made according to the needs of the planetary ball mill, the main elements were designed such as the structure which will support the transmission system and other components. In addition, the axes have the function of generating the planetary movement by means of pulleys. A fundamental aspect is the size, weight and noise with which the machine was designed. The main parts of the mill are: variator, motor, shafts, vessels, pulleys, timer and transmission bands, etc. The project was designed with the intention of using it for powder metallurgy applications, in which fine steel powders will be obtained in a range of 45 to 250 microns. In addition, it will facilitate research carried out by students, teachers and thus create new mechanical alloys. Finally, the machine was built with materials that are resistant to corrosion, are available in the market and have an affordable cost for their respective construction.Item Diseño y construcción de un molino de bolas planetario para el Laboratorio de Materiales de la Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Maldonado Bernabé, Christian Patricio; Amores Balseca, Edwin Gustavo; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoThis technical project was carried out due to the importance of implementing a planetary ball mill for the crushing of fine powders and at the same time obtaining steel chip spraying for the materials laboratory of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato The project is oriented in the design, construction, and functional tests that at the same time is composed of a two-phase motor, pulleys and a variable speed drive among other devices, for this, different types of mills were investigated. In the theoretical and analytical, the selection of a two-phase motor was made according to the needs of the planetary ball mill, the main elements were designed such as the structure which will support the transmission system and other components. In addition, the axes have the function of generating the planetary movement by means of pulleys. A fundamental aspect is the size, weight and noise with which the machine was designed. The main parts of the mill are: variator, motor, shafts, vessels, pulleys, timer and transmission bands, etc. The project was designed with the intention of using it for powder metallurgy applications, in which fine steel powders will be obtained in a range of 45 to 250 microns. In addition, it will facilitate research carried out by students, teachers and thus create new mechanical alloys. Finally, the machine was built with materials that are resistant to corrosion, are available in the market and have an affordable cost for their respective construction.Item Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de vehículo impulsado por viento para el Laboratorio de Física de la Carrera de Mecánica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Ballesteros Sisa, Israel Santiago; López Villacís, Gonzalo EduardoIt should be noted that a lot of research has been done on wind energy vehicles in the last decade and a large number of scientific publications have been presented. However, developing a prototype requires a lot of calculations and manufacturing. For this reason, the aim of this research work was to design and build a prototype of a wind-powered vehicle for the physics laboratory of the mechanics course at the Technical University of Ambato, by means of which it can be determined that a wind-powered vehicle can overcome the speed of the wind. The methodology used was of a bibliographic-experimental nature, so the model consisted of a layout and/or casing that served as the basis for a propeller connected to the wheels of the vehicle that used a helical gear transmission, so that when the vehicle advanced, if so, the propeller rotates in a way that provides traction that accelerates the vehicle in the presence of tailwind energy, which explains the mechanism of energy conversion. The developed model shows below average deformation data, exhibiting a very high efficiency of 69,83 percent.
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