Browsing by Author "Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio"

Now showing 1 - 17 of 17

Capacidad de defaunación ruminal y mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero: efecto de leguminosas forrajeras arbóreas y arbustivas
(2016) Manotoa Chicaiza, Silvia Patricia; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de los forrajes de leguminosas arbóreas y arbustivas sobre las funciones in vitro e in situ del rumen y población de protozoarios. Se utilizó un toro de aproximadamente 350 kg de peso vivo, provisto de una cánula en el rumen. Se evaluaron los siguientes forrajes (Tratamientos) Inga feuileei, Prosopis pallida, Tecoma stans, Lupinus albus, Erythrina edulis, Leucaena leucocephalla, Gliricidia sepium, Cytisus monspessulanus, Acacia melanoxylon, Acacia farnesiana, se determinó: screening fitoquímico, degradación ruminal in situ de la MS, digestibilidad aparente de la MS in vitro, producción de gas in vitro y protozoarios ruminales. En todas las leguminosas utilizadas se encontraron polifenoles, y saponinas, la presencia de alcaloides y taninos no fue de la misma concentración en los forrajes utilizados. C. Monspessulanus obtuvo mayor (P<0.05) digestibilidad (67.8%), L. leucocephala mostro la menor (P<0.05) cantidad de producción de gases de efecto invernadero (222.6 ml/0.5 g/MSF), los protozoarios Holotricos se redujeron (P<0.05) notablemente en la hora 48, mientras que los Entodiniomorfos mostraron diferencia (P<0.05) en la L. leucocephala en comparación con los demás forrajes. Se obtuvo mayor degradación de la fracción soluble (A) e insoluble pero potencialmente degradable (B) en L. albus (823.2 g/kgMS). Estas especies mejoraron las funciones ruminales del animal.
Cinética de degradación ruminal in situ y producción de gas in vitro de residuos de poscosecha Theobroma cacao L. ensilado
(2016) Mayorga Paredes, Sixto Edmundo; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of husk cocoa silage (CMC) on the kinetics of degradation of dry matter (DMS), apparent dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), protozoa population of rumen (PPR) and in vitro gas production (PGIV). Eight sheep cannulated about 1 year of age and 25 kg live weight distributed in a completely randomized design, received 3 treatments and 8 repetitions were used. The treatments were the CMC under 3 periods silage T1: 0, T2 40 and T3: 70 days. The DMS was higher (P <0.05) for T1, both the soluble fraction (A) and insoluble fraction (B) was 404.2 and 403, 8 g / kg DM respectively. The IVDMD was May (605.47 g/kg MS: P= 0.0001) in T1 compared to the other treatments. Regarding the PGV the lower (P = 0.0001) gas production was observed in the T2: 23,22 and T3: 25,85 ml/0.5 g fermentable dry matter, with respect to T1. The PPR, the species Entodiniomorfos decreases in T1 to 24 hours of incubation, being different (P <0.05) than the other treatments. It is concluded that the use of the byproducts of postharvest husk cocoa without silage could be included in ruminant diets because their nutritional properties that can improve rumen function.
Comportamiento productivo en la engorda de tilapia gris alimentadas con dietas a base de Colacasia esculenta en el Puyo Ecuador
(2016) Guerrero Moya, Grace Gabriela; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
In the province of Pastaza, Puyo, Km 6 Via August 10, 1440 the productive performance of tilapias fed with different proportions of potato leaf China in the growing stage was evaluated. Tilapia were distributed in 2 tanks divided into 24 compartments with 4 treatments and 6 replications, under a completely randomized design (DCA), the treatments were: T1 (commercial feed), T2 (20% HPC), T3 (30% HPC) and T4 (40% HPC). The parameters evaluated were: length and initial and final weight, weight gain / day (g), Daily Growth (mm / day), FCR, Profitability and cost / benefit ratio. The test duration was 60 days. In weight gain no significant differences (P = 0.0950) between treatments maintaining a range between 5.81 to 6.17 g / day gain. The daily growth of tilapia was observed that the greatest growth was in Q4 (0.20 mm / day) being different (P = 0.0084) at T1 (0.10 mm / day). The best feed conversion no significant differences (P = 0.1952) while maintaining a range of 2.41 to 2.54. With respect to profitability and cost / benefit ratio indicated that T4 was higher with 33,40% of profitability and benefit / cost ratio was 1.50. The results suggest that the use of leaf Papa China, which is an important industrial waste could have a potential use in food processing for Tilapia.
Comportamiento productivo y rendimiento a la canal en conejos alimentados con forrajes arbóreos
(2016) Chisag Caiza, Luis Miguel; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of the ingestion of tree fodder on the productive behavior, also to the slaughter yield in rabbits. This research was executed at the Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias - UTA. It used 48 rabbits of 8 weeks of age, distributed at random in four experimental diets Medicago sativa (T1), Malva sylvestris (T2), Baccharis floribunda (T3), Spartium junceum (T4). It was evaluated the voluntary intake of nutrients of diets; weight gain; feed conversion; apparent digestibility of nutrients and to the slaughter yield. For the voluntary intake of organic matter T1 and T4 showed significant variance (P = 0.0001) with respect to the others treatments with values of (205.44 g and 202.92 g respectively), for the voluntary intake of raw protein the first place is for T2 (52.69) with a difference (P = 0.0001) of them others treatments, while for voluntary intake of neutral detergent fiber and voluntary intake of acid detergent fiber the treatment T1 with a difference (P = 0.0001) , was greater (81.06; 34.02). The weight gain, feed conversion and to the slaughter yield was better in treatment T2 (29.1g, 7.6 and 48.6% respectively). In them diets T1 and T2 were higher statistically (P = 0.0001) for the apparent digestibility of dry matter and apparent digestibility of matter organic with values (65.11; 67.93 and 62.72, 64.73 respectively), for the digestibility of protein raw with a significant difference (P = 0.0001) was for T1 with a value (81.77) and for ADNDF was greater in T1, followed of T2 (84.064 and 71.8). Key words: Malva sylvestris, feed conversion, weight gain, digestibility and slaughter yield
Comportamiento productivo, características de la canal y función ruminal en toros de engorde alimentados con dietas a base de cascarilla de cacao y aceite vegetal
(2022-09) Guishca Cunuhay, Carlos Alberto; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The productive performance, characteristics of the carcass in ruminal function were evaluated in steers fed with diets based on cocoa bean shell and vegetable oil. Records of 30 castrated steers weighing 206 ± 23 kg were randomly distributed into 3 groups (n=10) from the Ruminant Feedlot. The evaluated diets consisted of: T1 [Basal diet: covering the nutritional requirements for late-finishing steers according to the AFRC (1996) + 15% cocoa bean shell (Theobromina cacao) + 6% vegetable oil from passion fruit seed cake (Passiflora edulis) (Control)], T2 [Basal diet + 6% vegetable oil from passion fruit seed cake (Passiflora edulis)] and T3 [Basal diet + 15% cocoa bean shell (Theobromine cocoa)]. Ruminal degradation and in vitro digestibility of DM was evaluated with DaisyII incubator and F57 bags, pore size 25 µn, which contained 0.5 g of sample per treatment (n=5) and were incubated for 0, 4, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h. The volume of gas production in vitro was estimated in amber bottles with 100 ml of nominal capacity, and 0.5 g of sample was used per treatment (n=10). The data obtained were evaluated under a Completely Random Design (CRD). The in vitro rumen degradation kinetics of DM was higher for the soluble fraction (A) in T1 and lower in T3 (p=<0.0001). The rate of potential degradation (A+B) and effective degradation [(c: 0.02; 0.05 and 0.08)] were higher in T1. IVDMD at hour 48 was higher at T1, T3 and lower at T2 (p=0.0004). Total gas production (B) was higher at T2 (p=<0.0001). The productive performance showed higher ADG in T1 and T3 (p=0.0019). The TDMI and IDMI were higher at T1, T3 and lower at T2 (p=0.0142). FC (kg/kg) and FE (kg/kg) were lower and higher at T2 respectively (p=<0.05). Carcass characteristics reflected a higher HCY (%) for T3 (p=0.0032). LdMA (cm2 ) was higher at T1 and T3 (p=<0.0001). However, the RFT was less in T1 and T3 (p=0.0096). Under the conditions of this study, it is concluded that there is a favorable response of the cocoa bean shell alone or combined with vegetable oil from passion fruit seed cake
Consumo voluntario y rendimiento a la canal en pollos de engorde con residuos pos cosecha de Theobroma cacao L.
(2016) Silva Bastidas, Alberto Hernán; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The objective of this investigation was guided to the determination of the voluntary consumption and yield to the channel in chickens of it puts on weight fed with residual search crop of Theobroma cocoa L, 300 chickens were used between males and females of 15 days of age, during the course of 45 days he/she is given 3 diets (treatments), 10 repetitions for treatment. The diets consisted on the inclusion of flour of it cracked it of the ear of cocoa (HCMC): for T1 (concentrated commercial or witness), T2 (15% HCMC), T3 (30% HCMC). The variables to consider were: Gain of weight, voluntary Consumption, Yield to the channel. The results regarding the voluntary consumption is not difference (P = 0.0677) was observed, with the highest T3 (136.39g / day) value. While in weight gain difference (P = 0.0001) was observed between treatments, being the highest weight gain T1 and T2 (70.73 and 60.52 g / day) respectively. With regard to the yield to the channel difference is not observed (P=0.0001) among treatments being that of more yield T1 (77.75 kg). It can be concluded that residues post harvest cocoa can be included in the diet of broilers up to 15%, due to its nutritional properties improving productive performance.
Degradación ruminal de la materia seca y comportamiento productivo de ovinos consumiendo forraje de chenopodium quinoa
(2016) Sánchez Gavilanes, Daniela Elizabeth; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the intake of residues post harvest of Chenopodium quinoa on the yield productive, apparent digestibility of DM, ruminal degradation of DM and in vitro gas production in sheep. The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Sciences Agricultural - UTA, using two groups of sheep creole males, the first group of 12 sheep, with an age of 6 months and a weight average of 20. 88±1. 04 Kg of LW, they went to measure yield results by direct method, recording controls of weights, both animals and their consumption of food, over a period of 75 days included 15 days of adaptation and apparent digestibility in vivo in metabolic cages method. A second group of 6 sheep older than 8 months, cannulated in the rumen and with an average weight of 28.88±1.04 Kg of LW, for dry matter (DM) degradation was determined using the technique described by Ørskov, et al. (1980) and finally in vitro gas production. The sheep was distributed randomly with two treatments T1: (95.8% P. clandestinum), T2: (75.8% P. clandestinum and 20% bran of C. quinoa). The voluntary intake for T2 was higher in 152 g DM/day (P = 0.0428) to T1. The voluntary intake by Kg PV0.75 showed no significant difference (P=0.1385) among treatments. Feed conversion was lower (P = 0.0178) in T2 to T1 (7:1 to 9:1 respectively). The weight gain between treatments showed significant, being higher T2 by 29,35 g/Kg DM difference. The apparent digestibility of the DM not showed differences (P = 0.2689) among the treatments. For in vitro gas production (ml/0.5 g fermentable DM) was lower in T2 (P = 0.0215) with respect to T1. Ruminal degradation parameters showed no differences between treatments (P > 0.05). The soluble fraction (a) showed differences (P < 0.05) between forage being the kikuyo the highest percentage (30%). Insoluble but potentially degradable fraction (b) shows differences (P < 0.05) between forage, where the highest percentage of degradation was kikuyo (57%). Regarding of the rate of degradation (c) as a percentage per hour showed no significant (P > 0.05) between forage. It can be concluded that fodder residues of (C quinoa) can be included by 20% in the diet of sheep for LW moderate gain, when using low quality as is the case with the Kikuyu grass (P. clandestinum); today is a basic and traditional diet in sheep production in the country. Key words: digestibility, gas production, in-vitro, in-situ, voluntary intake, sheep.
Determinación de la tasa de prevalencia de (Brucella spp.) en bovinos de raza lechera del sector San Fernando del cantón Santiago de Píllaro
(2016) Jáuregui Medina, José Elías; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The research aimed to determine the prevalence rate of Brucella spp. in dairy breed cattle industry in the canton San Fernando Santiago de Píllaro. 105 blood samples of a total population of 286 cows of dairy breeds of working age was gathered, from 94 farms in the sector, were analyzed by serological diagnosis of rose bengal and competitive ELISA, thus confirming the existence of two positive samples Brucella spp. represented a cup of prevalence of 1.9%. Therefore Prevalence of Brucella spp. in the area of San Fernando, in the canton Santiago de Píllaro it is low. Through surveys conducted in 94 dairy farms in the sector, the management methods of dairy cattle industry showing that the playback system chosen from herds is artificial insemination with 96.8% was determined, Another important aspect given in surveys are biosecurity practices a 64.9% of respondents said not knowing brucellosis, generating lack of control and prevention; 80.9% of farms not done vaccination for Brucella spp .; 91.5% of households purchase replacement cattle fairs without clear knowledge of the origin of the animals and their optimal health; 64.9% does not isolate bovine replacement before entering them into the herd to prevent the emergence of new outbreaks of disease in the herd; the frequency of veterinary controls at 70.2% is performed only in emergencies, without establishing a common health medical control; these issues if not handled correctly can mean an imminent risk to the occurrence of Brucella spp. KEYWORDS: Brucellosis, incidence, farms, surveys, serology, Rose Bengal, competitive ELISA.
Efecto de forraje de moringa, de semilla de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) Y Acacia mearnsii en la fermentación y ecología microbiana ruminal
(2021-08) Paucar Manjarres, Evelyn Katherine; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The effect of the inclusion of the seed of Sacha Inchi, forage of Moringa oleifera and Acacia mearnsii in the diet of sheep on fermentation and rumen microbial ecology was determined. The research was developed at the Querocha campus of the Universidad Tecnica de Ambato. Five treatments were evaluated: T1; (Moringa 40%- 60% fodder), T2; (sacha inchi 40%- fodder 60%), T3; (Acacia 40%- fodder 60%), T4; (Moringa 30%, Sacha inchi 30%, Acacia 30% y fodder 10%), under a Latin square design (5x5). The rumen degradation of the Dry Matter, Apparent digestibility of the Dry Matter and Production of gas, methane and carbon dioxide were evaluated. The soluble fraction (A) was higher (P = 0.0001) in the T2 treatment (41.2%), in the insoluble but potentially degradable fraction (B) no differences were observed between the evaluated treatments (P = 0.1602). The degradation rate in% per hour (c) was higher (P = 0.0001) in T1. The potential for A + B degradation was higher (P = 0.0006) in T2 (77.6%). The effective degradation at the different passage rates 0.02, 0.05 and 0.08 k was higher (P = 0.0001) in T1 (65.1, 56.8 and 52.3% respectively). DM digestibility was higher (P = 0.0001) in T5 (53.7). The production of gas, CH4 and CO2 was lower (P = 0.0001) in treatments T1 and T2. Holotric and Entodinomorphic protozoa populations at 12 hours did not show significant differences between treatments (P = 0.9438 and P = 0.1242 respectively). At 24 hours, the Holotric protozoa population was lower (P=0.0010) in T3 and T5. However, the population of Entodinomorphic protozoa did not show differences (P=0.1082) between treatments. Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Moringa oleifera, Plukenetia volubilis and Acacia mearnsii forage in the diet of ruminants, reduces the production of greenhouse gases and the population of rumen protozoa.
Efecto de la ingestión de Chenopodium quinoa sobre el rendimiento productivo en ovinos y producción de gas in vitro
(2016) Cadena Yanchapaxi, Diego Rolando; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of the ingestion of Chenopodium quinoa on the production performance in sheep and gas production in vitro. Eighteen sheep were used with an average weight of 21.34±2.03 kg. it is evaluated: 100% Kikuyo, kikuyo 80% + stover quinoa 20%, kikuyo60% + stover quinoa 40%. It was determined: voluntary intake, weight gain, feed conversion, in situ rumen degradability and digestibility MS and in vitro gas production. The results show differences in weight gain (P = 0.0001), showing higher gain the T2 (93.83g). The voluntary intake per Kg PV0.75 showed no significant difference (P= 0.1385) between treatments. Feed conversion was lower (P = 0.0178) in the T2 versus T1 (7: 1 to 9: 1 respectively). The apparent digestibility of DM did not differ (P = 0.2689) between treatments. The in vitro gas production (ml / 0.5 g fermentable MS) was 39 ml lower (P = 0.0215) in T2 with respect to T1. The ruminal degradation of DM for the soluble fraction A shows differences (P <0.05) between treatments, the largest percentage for T2, the fraction B showed differences for T1. It can be concluded that the stubble of quinoa can be included in the diet of sheep up to 20% improved productivity of the sheep.
Efecto de la ingestión de residuos pos cosecha de Theobroma cacao L. sobre el comportamiento productivo de cerdos en la fase de engorde
(2016) Humberto Arquímides, Silva Bastidas; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of the consumption of residual search crop of Theobroma cocoa L. on the productive behavior of pigs in the phase of it puts on weight, 24 pigs of shadowy sex were used with a weight alive average of 50.6±1.35 Kg and an approximate age of 3 months. The pigs were distributed in an aleatory way in individual cages where it was evaluated: the treatments T1 (concentrated commercial or witness), T2 and T3 (15 and 30% of flour of it cracked of ear of cocoa. It was determined: Consumption volunteer, voluntary Consumption for kg/peso vivo0.75, Gain of weight lives, nutritious Conversion. The results with regard to the consumption voluntary kg/day, it presented difference (P=0,0001) among treatments, being T3 that of more value with (3.13 kg/day) of consumed food, contrary to the T1 that consumed (2.54 food kg/day), existing a difference of 0,59 kg/day between both treatments. The voluntary consumption g MS/kg PV0.75 showed difference (P = 0.0001) among treatments, being that of more consumption for T3 with (129.12 g MS/Kg PV0.75), what didn't happen with T1 that presented a consumption of (104.81 g MS/Kg PV0.75). With relationship to the gain of weight difference existed (P = 0.0266) among diets, registering the highest value for T2 (0.885 g/day); and in smaller quantity T1 and T3 (0.782 and 0.732 g/day respectively). While for the nutritious conversion I present difference (P=0.0009) in T1 and T2 (3.30 and 3.35) in front of T3 (4.37) that was the highest. You can conclude that the residuals of search crop of cocoa can be included in the diet of the pigs until 15%, due to their nutritious estates improving the productive behavior.
Efecto del valor nutrimental de Chenopodium quinoa sobre la fermentación ruminal in vitro y población de protozoarios del rumen en bovinos
(2016) Cajas Naranjo, Mariana del Rocio; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del valor nutrimental de Chenopodium quinoa sobre la fermentación ruminal in vitro y población de protozoarios del rumen en bovinos. Se utilizó un toro provisto de una cánula en el rumen. Se evaluaron los siguientes tratamientos: semilla de quínoa (SQ), planta entera de quínoa (PEQ) y rastrojo de quínoa (RQ), (Tunkahuan). Se analizaron las siguientes variables de respuesta: compuestos secundarios, degradación ruminal in situ de la materia seca (MS), digestibilidad aparente de la MS in vitro (DIVMS), producción de gas in vitro (PGIV), poblaciones de protozoarios ruminales. Los resultados del screening fitoquímico muestran leve concentración de saponinas para SQ y PEQ, presencia cuantiosa de alcaloides para SQ y PEQ. La mayor (P<0.05) DIVMS y menor PGIV se observó en SQ (80.6% y 280.98 ml de gas/0.5mg MS fermentable, respectivamente). Con respecto a la degradación ruminal de la MS el mayor (P<0.05) porcentaje se observó en SQ y PEQ (97.7 y 80.8 respectivamente). La población de protozoarios Holótricos a partir de las 24 horas se redujo a 0 en todos los tratamientos, con respecto a la población de Entodiniomorfos a partir de las 24 horas se observó diferencias (P=0.0001) entre los tratamientos, siendo la menor población para la PEQ. Se puede concluir que SQ y PEQ se podrían incluir en la alimentación de los bovinos ya que mejora los parámetros de fermentación ruminal y reduce la producción de gas.
Impacto ambiental de la inclusión de saponinas en dietas fibrosas sobre la función ruminal y mitigación de emisiones de dióxido de carbono y metano entérico en bovinos
(2020-10) Veloz Vargas, César Xavier; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate in vitro the effect of the inclusion of saponins and GISAG in fibrous diets on ruminal function, mitigation of GHG emissions, as well as ammoniacal nitrogen production; 6 bulls with ruminal cannulas were used, fed with a base diet of 50% maralfalfa grass (Pennisetum purpureum) plus 50% corn bale (Zea mays), the treatments were: T control only base diet, T2 base diet plus 3 % of saponins, T3 base diet of 3% GISAG (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and T4 base diet plus 3% saponins and 3% GISAG, a completely randomized design of 4 treatments and 6 repetitions was handled, the variables were analyzed through an analysis of variance in the SAS PROC GLM program and for the comparison of means, the 5% Tukey test was performed, the animals were housed in individual pens and water at will, with respect to the variable in vitro digestibility of MS showed no differences between treatments (P = 0.7684) while the population of protozoa in the rumen evaluated at different hours of fermentation, showed no differences (P> 0.05), except for Entodiniomorphic protozoa at hour 24 (P = 0.0001), the decrease in vitro of this population of protozoa observed at 24 hours in T2, with respect to gas production, was less (P = 0.0111) in the T2 treatment with 37.2 mL of gas / 0.5g DM fermentable, the methane production did not show differences between the evaluated treatments (P = 0.3592), however, the CO2 production was lower (P = 0.0196 ) in T2, the volatile fatty acids did not observe differences between the treatments; however, in ammoniacal nitrogen it was higher (P> 0.05) in treatments T2, T3 and T4, with T2 being the one with the best behavior in GHG mitigation and nitrogen utilization for the productive benefit of the animal.
Influencia de la adición de extracto de quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) y Yucca schidigera en la dieta sobre la ecología microbiana ruminal, fermentación y producción de CH4 y CO2
(2021-09) Medina Jines, Vanessa Jacqueline; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of the addition of Quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) and Yucca schidigera extract in the diet on microbial ecology and ruminal function in sheep. Five mixed breed sheep weighing approximately 50 kg were used. This research was carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UTA. The in vitro production of methane gas (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was evaluated. A base diet composed of 60% corn forage and 40% alfalfa was prepared. The treatments evaluated were T1: base diet + 19.7μl of Quebracho extracts/animal day-1, T2: base diet + 38.7μl of Quebracho extracts/animal day-1, T3: base diet + 5g of extracts Y. schidigera/animal day-1, T4: base diet + 9.8g of extracts of Y. schidigera/animal day-1, T5: base diet without additives. The digestibility of Dry Matter and Organic Matter (DMS, DMO) was higher (P=0.0001) in the low dose tannin treatment (T1; 61.2%) and the treatments containing saponins (T3; 60.6 and T4; 62.3 respectively). Regarding the rumen microorganisms, the smallest (P=0.0001) population of protozoa, both holotrics and Entodiniomorphs, was observed in the T4 treatment (0.82 and 0.10 respectively). The gas, methane and carbon dioxide production parameters show a reduction effect (P=0.0001) to the treatment with a higher content of inoculation of saponins (T4; 265.1 mLgas/0.5 g DM Fermentable), however, the treatment that showed the highest production of enteric greenhouse gases was T5 (control treatment) with 158.4 mLgas/0.5g DM Fermentable higher than T4. Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that there is an effect with the mitigation capacity of gas production, as well as improving fiber digestion and reducing the protozoa population at the ruminal level when doses are administered. higher 8g of saponin/animal/day in sheep consuming forage-based diets.
Preferencia del consumo de forrajes arbóreos y arbustivos andinos en ovinos
(2016) Ortiz Tirado Paúl Santiago, Paúl Santiago; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la preferencia de consumo de árboles y arbustos forrajeros, utilizando ocho ovinos machos de alrededor de 30 kg. Donde se evaluó: Baccharis latifolia, Malva sylvestris, Cytisus monspessulanus, Tecoma stans, Anethum graveolens, Alnus acuminata, y Sambucus nigra. Se determinó: preferencia de consumo voluntario, mediante una prueba de cafetería. Degradación ruminal in situ MS, mediante la técnica de la bolsa de nylon en el rumen. Digestibilidad y producción de gas in vitro. Los resultados del screening fitoquímico muestran que T5 presenta una moderada concentración de saponinas. En taninos totales T6 presenta una concentración. Para alcaloides totales y polifenoles totales T3, T4, T6 muestran presencia cuantiosa respectivamente. Aceites esenciales se observa que T5 y T7 tienen una alta concentración. La preferencia de consumo mostró diferencias (P=0.0001) entre tratamientos siendo el mayor consumo para T6 (117 gMS/animal/día). La mayor digestibilidad y menor producción de gas se observó en T2 y T1 (71.1% y 203.88 ml de gas/0.5g MS fermentable respectivamente). La degradación ruminal de la MS los mayores porcentajes (P=0.0001) para la fracción soluble A fue para T1 y T4, la fracción B mostró para T2, T5 y T7. Se puede concluir que los forrajes de árboles (T6 y T4) como de arbustos (T2) se puede incluir en la dieta de los ovinos mejorando funciones del rumen y disminuir emisiones de GEIs.
Rendimiento de biomasa y valoración nutrimental de residuos pos cosecha de cacao (Theobroma cacao L)
(2016) Salazar Moyota, José Alberto; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The objective of this investigation work is guided to the determination of the yield of biomass and valuation nutrimental of residual search crop of cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L), The rehearsal was carried out in the sectors of the Island enclosure the marvels and in the enclosure the Guaiacs canton Marcelino Mari owner county of the Guayas to 17 km of the canton Marcelino Maridueña and to 21 km of the canton Cumandá. In the properties of property of Mr. Enrrique Castle with an extension of the total cultivation of 4 has of variety CCN 51, of 4 years while the property of the seños Luis Salazar with a surface of 1 has of national variety, the cultivation is 7 years of age old they are located to 98 msnm. With a curve of established production and an average of (0.77 and 0.54 tm/año respectively). Yield of biomass was determined of it cracked it of the ear of cocoa (CMC), nutritional Value of biomass (CMC). The results showed difference (P=0.0001) among treatments being that of adult numbers of ears T1 (53.3 kg/ha) with regard to T2 (6.1 kg/ha). While for the weight of the ear, weight of the maguey, and total weight of the biomass was observed difference (P=0,0001) among tratamienros, being observed that the biggest weight in the ear, of the maguey and the total weight of the biomass obtained it T1 (33.8, 2.0 and 35.9 kg/ha) respectively. With relationship to the chemical composition of it cracked it of the ear of cocoa significant difference it was not observed (P=0.0001) among treatments for none of the parameters in study (MS, MB, PC, FDN, FDA and Ashy). You can conclude that the yield of the biomass of the residuals of search crop of cocoa of the variety CCN-51 is the one that contributes the biggest quantity in available residuals, with a nutritional content that can be utilized for the animal feeding, compost elaboration.
Rendimiento de forraje de árboles, arbustos y preferencia de consumo en conejos
(2016) Moya Patiño, Ericka Gissele; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
The aim of this research was evaluate the yield of fodder biomass of trees and shrubs, as well as, the preference of fodder in rabbits. This research was conducted at the Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias-UTA. The forage yield, nutritional value, secondary compounds and preference of forage of: Malva sylvestris, Baccharis floribunda, Sparticum junceum, Ambrosia arborescens and Paraserianthes lophantha were determined. This research was conducted under a completely randomized design. The variables studied are analyzed by analysis of variance according to the design used. The yield of fodder biomass was higher (P = 0,0001) for M. sylvestris, A. arborescens and P. lophantha (459,2; 551,1; 682,6 gDM/plant respectively) compared with the other forages. The results of Phytochemical screening show that Malva sylvestris has slight concentration of saponins. P. lophantha showed high concentration of tannins, and S. junceum high presence of total phenols. The higher (P = 0,0001) preference of fodder was for M. sylvestris (18,44 gDM/day), followed by B. floribunda (8,6 gDM/day) and S. junceum (9,4 gDM/day) and the lowest preference for P. lophantha (3,8 gDM/day) and A. arborescens (3,7 gDM/day). It’s concluded that the bushes as M. sylvestris, B. floribunda and S. junceum can be used as feed for rabbits, for their high yield of forage biomass, protein content and low fiber values and secondary compounds.