Análisis experimental de la estabilización de suelos arenosos del sector La Libertad de Huachi Grande mediante la adición de cal, cemento y ceniza de totora: evaluación de propiedades físicas y mecánicas y su aplicación en infraestructura vial

Abstract

This research evaluates the effect of adding totora reeds as an alternative stabilizer for improving sandy soil intended for road subgrades and compares its performance with the results of stabilization using lime and cement. The study arises from the need to develop sustainable alternatives that overcome dependence on conventional materials and evaluate innovative and environmentally responsible solutions with a construction approach that allows for the development of more efficient infrastructure aligned with environmental sustainability criteria. The experimental work was developed based on the physical and mechanical characterization of the soil in the La Libertad sector of the Huachi Grande parish. It was determined that the soil corresponds to a poorly graded sand (SP) according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and to a granular material type A-3 according to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Resources (AASHTO) system. Regarding the mechanical properties, a CBR of 14.40% was obtained, classifying it as a fair subgrade. Subsequently, the physical and mechanical properties of the soils were evaluated with additions of 5%, 10%, and 15% lime, cement, and cattail ash. The results showed that all three stabilizers improved the soil's bearing capacity, reaching a maximum CBR value of 240.00% with the 15% cement addition, while lime reached a maximum value of 62.40% with a 10% dosage. Cattail ash achieved a maximum CBR of 24.10% with a 10% ash content. Finally, the technical and economic feasibility analysis concluded that totora ash is the best alternative for stabilizing the subgrade of sandy soils, since according to the CBR value it is determined to be a very good subgrade, while stabilization with lime and cement results in a good and very good base, which are considered oversized for the established objective of stabilizing the subgrade, and the cost is high compared to that of stabilization with totora ash.