Co-infecciones bacterianas asociadas a la virulencia por SARS- CoV- 2. Parroquia Misahuallí, Cantón Tena, Provincia de Napo. Ecuador. 2021

Abstract

Co-infection by pathogens, especially bacteria, is an important risk factor that generates adverse results in COVID-19, becoming an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The following were established as specific objectives: to distribute the population according to age groups and gender, to characterize the social determinants of health in the selected population, to diagnose the SARS-CoV-2 virus by RT-PCR using nasopharyngeal swabs, to isolate the bacteria present in the sputum samples and pharyngeal exudates, as well as to evaluate the susceptibility to microbial agents, to finally measure the impact of intervention actions. It was an investigation with a quantitative, intervention, descriptive, non-experimental, field, documentary, cross- sectional approach. The age group mostly interviewed corresponded to those over 60 years of age. The male gender predominated (67.92 %). The subjects are settled in the rural area (84.90%). They belong to the Kichwa ethnic group (69.0%). The level of education corresponded to complete secondary (39.62%) and the population has informal employment (60.37%). 53 people tested positive for the RT-PCR technique for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The microorganisms isolated in the most prevalent sputum and pharyngeal exudate samples were Gram negative: (Klebsiella pneumoniae; 47.16%); Gram positive: (Staphylococcus aureus; 7.56%). A high rate of resistance to the beta-lactam family was found. During the intervention there was a change of attitude specifically, on the use of personal protective equipment to reduce cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the area.