Rondos del fútbol en la condición física en estudiantes de bachillerato general unificado

Abstract

The research “Football Rondos in Physical Fitness in General Unified Baccalaureate (BGU) Students” aimed to determine the impact of rondos on the development of conditional physical abilities in students from “San Pío X” Educational Unit, Baños de Agua Santa Extension. A quantitative approach was used, with a pre-experimental, longitudinal, and field design, applying the hypothetical-deductive method. The initial physical fitness of the students was assessed through tests measuring speed, endurance, strength, and flexibility, revealing that 40.9% had a Very Low level. Based on these results, structured football rondos were implemented as dynamic, playful, and specific activities targeting each ability: high-intensity rondos for endurance, quick direction changes for speed, explosive exercises for strength, and dynamic stretches for flexibility. The results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon statistical test, which showed significant improvements between the pre-test and post-test in all evaluated capacities. In the 4x10 test, the significance level (Z=-4.714; p<0.05) indicated an improvement in speed, while the 20-meter shuttle test (Z=-3.273; p<0.05) showed progress in endurance. Additionally, in the two-foot standing long jump (Z=-4.560; p<0.05), a positive impact on explosive strength was confirmed. By the end of the intervention, the percentage of students with a Very High level of physical performance increased significantly, rising from 15.9% to 84.1%. This study concluded that football rondos not only improved the students’ conditional physical abilities but also fostered social skills such as teamwork and decision-making, while enhancing motivation for sports practice. The results validated rondos as an effective and replicable methodology for boosting physical and social development in the educational context, providing an innovative alternative for the integral strengthening of students.