Adaptabilidad de tres híbridos de sandía (Citrullus lanatus) en el cantón Patate

Abstract

This research project was carried out to evaluate the adaptability of three watermelon hybrids (Citrullus lanatus). This project was conducted in the canton Patate, province of Tungurahua, located in the Quinlata sector, with an altitude of 2200 meters whose geographical coordinates are: latitude 1-30'57'' S and longitude 78-49'99'' O. For this evaluation a random experiment design was performed (DCA) with 6 repetitions. The variance analysis (ADEVA) was performed with Tukey significance tests at 5% where the following results were established: for the variable germination percentage the averages were for Royalthon 99.3%, followed by Emerald 97.33% and Royal Charleston 95.67%. The variable length of the plant was taken every 15 days. The flowering began obtaining results of 195.0 cm for Esmeralda, Royalthon 185.6 cm and Royal Charleston 157.6 cm after 60 days of the transplantation. Through the flowering days Royal Charleston turned out to be precocious with an average rate of 72.33 days, Royalthon 68.50 days and Esmeralda with an average of 67.17 days proving to be less precocious. In the variable number of flowers, both male and female flowers were counted every 7 days with an average of 5,583 for Esmeralda, 4,250 for Royalthon and 3,583 Royal Charleston which came out to be the lowest in the female flowers. The male flowers are older because they follow a much more complex pattern, Esmeralda with an average of 9,833, followed by Royal Charleston with 9.00 and Royalthon with 8,917. The average number of guides were 3,200 in Esmeralda, 3,067 in Royalthon and 3,033 with the Royal Royal Charleston. As for the fruit variables, the number of fully developed fruits had an average of 2,750 for Royal Charleston, 2,417 for Esmeralda and 2.33 for Royalthon. The fruit weight variable average for each treatment for Royal Charleston weight was 7,817kg, while Esmeralda and Royalthon`s weight was 6,983 kg for both treatments. The polar and equatorial variable diameter of the Royal Charleston was larger with 26.93 cm and 25.50 cm. The Royalthon was smaller with 25.60 cm (ø polar) and Esmeralda at 24.40 cm (ø ecuatorial). The Brix Royal Charleston variable grades reached 12.05 degrees Brix, followed by Esmeraldas 11.95 degrees Brix and 11.87 degrees Brix for Royalthon. Finally, the results obtained places Royalthon with the best results, which were 13960 kg/ha, followed by Royal Charleston with 13750 kg/ha and Esmeralda with 13120 kg/ha. Finally, after performing this research project it narrowed down that the three hybrids managed to adapt to the place where the crop was planted. The Royal Charleston hybrid seed being the earliest to flower in terms of results, the highest is the Royalthon seed, although it does not reach the national average of watermelon production.