Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de máquina sembradora y dosificadora manual de maíz para la empresa natural VACIM

Abstract

This degree project aimed to design and build a prototype of a manual maize seeder and dispenser, intended for small and medium-scale farmers who require a simple, cost-effective, and easy-to-operate tool to help optimize and improve the sowing process. The technical development began with the study of existing similar equipment, which made it possible to identify the needs of the agricultural environment and gather ideas for both design and materials. Experimental and field methodologies were applied to validate the prototype's performance through tests on seed and fertilizer dosage, furrow opening and covering, and input usage. Direct observation confirmed that each component of the machine performed its function correctly and efficiently. During field tests, the final prototype demonstrated proper performance by accurately depositing seeds, maintaining appropriate spacing between seed groups and furrows, and achieving correct furrow opening and coverage. These results met the technical requirements for proper sowing and fulfilled the expectations of the partnering organization. Therefore, it can be concluded that the prototype meets the proposed requirements and represents a viable alternative for improving manual sowing in rural areas. Its design is accessible, improvable, replicable, and adaptable, as it is built with materials readily available in the local market. In this way, it becomes a valuable contribution to the agricultural sector and to those who work the land every day