Gestión técnica de los factores de riesgo ergonómico de los trabajadores pertenecientes al área de producción de la empresa Inyecciones Beltrán

Abstract

In the technical management, data applicable to ergonomic studies in the industrial sector was collected. The company employs 8 workers per workday, located in 3 positions: injection operators, suppliers, and packagers, who belong to a group vulnerable to acquiring disorders and physical problems due to ergonomic factors affecting their work activities. The management started with collecting general data based on a risk matrix endorsed by the Colombian standard GTC-45, obtaining 15 risk factors categorized as acceptable, acceptable with specific control, and not acceptable. A Nordic format survey was conducted, yielding data with limitations affecting workers' productivity, identifying severe risk factors in the metacarpal area as the most affected with 72.33 percent, and the dorsolumbar section with 63.33 percent. Five types of evaluations were applied, covering the analysis and assessment of repetitive movements using the OCRA method (NTP629), load handling using the GINSHT method (INSHT), overexertion due to load handling evaluated from the Snook and Ciriello tables (ISO11223), forced postures using the RULA method (NTP452), and determination of thermal stress through WBGT (NTP322). With the obtained data, a work risk matrix was created, implemented by the technical secretary of the National Council for Gender Equality according to Resolution No. CNIG-ST-2023-008, along with a control plan based on the comprehensive plan for the prevention of occupational risks implemented by the Ministry of Labor. Keywords: Ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, repetitive movements, load handling, pushing load, OCRA Checklist, GINSHT, Snook and Ciriello, WBGT thermal stress.