MANEJO DE ESPONDILOLISTESIS DEGENERATIVA LUMBAR: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Abstract

Introduction: Lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS) is a condition defined as the anterior displacement of a vertebra in relation to the underlying vertebra. Among spinal pathologies, it presents a worldwide incidence of 20.7% and 18% in Latin America. It predominantly affects females and most commonly involves the L4-L5 segment. Its management is controversial due to varying surgical techniques. Objective: To provide a comprehensive guide for managing LDS. Methodology: An exhaustive review of health science databases was conducted up to July 2023, seeking relevant articles on LDS. Seventeen articles meeting the criteria were obtained for this work. Results: Conservative treatment is considered for mild cases, taking into account factors such as age, comorbidities, and the degree of slippage based on the Meyerding classification. Surgical intervention is based on surgical decompression, intervertebral fusion, and direct repair of the isthmic defect. Conclusions: The management of this condition is intricate and dependent on multiple variables, including symptom intensity, degree of vertebral slippage, presence of spinal stenosis, failure of conservative treatment, and surgeon's decision.