REQUERIMIENTOS NUTRICIONALES Y DESARROLLO DE UNA GUÍA ALIMENTARIA PARA NIÑOS DE 2 A 5 AÑOS CON ENFERMEDAD CELÍACA

Abstract

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by the consumption of gluten, a protein found in grains such as wheat, barley, and rye. This condition causes inflammation and damage to the villi of the small intestine, which hinders proper nutrient absorption and can affect children’s growth and development. Globally, it is estimated to affect approximately 1% of the population, while in Ecuador, epidemiological data is limited. The only effective treatment is maintaining a strict gluten-free diet. The objective of this research was to develop a dietary guide for children aged 2 to 5 years with celiac disease, tailored to their nutritional requirements. To this end, a structured literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzing 44 sources, including scientific articles, institutional documents, and pediatric textbooks. Based on this information, nutritional recommendations, food exchange distributions, weekly meal plans, and a photographic portion guide were developed to facilitate the planning of a balanced, gluten-free diet.