Caracterización mecánica de un biopolímero a partir del almidón de zanahoria blanca (Arracacia Xanthorrhiza) y garbanzo (Cicer Arietinum) obtenido mediante DOE-mezclas

Abstract

In recent years, the consumption of petroleum-derived plastic has increased considerably, generating an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. To address this problem, we have sought to develop a new material such as bioplastic from the starch of different plants as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative. In this research, test tubes were prepared based on the experimental design by mixtures (DOE), which allowed determining the amount of starch, distilled water, acetic acid and glycerin. 19 cases were obtained, each with 3 replicas, allowing their mechanical properties to be better determined. Tensile, biodegradability and microscopy tests were carried out for each test tube, with the results obtained it was evident that the best combination was 150 ml of distilled water, 10.71 g of white carrot starch, 10.71 g of chickpea starch, 4.25 ml of glycerin and 1.70 ml of acetic acid belonging to case 18, which, from the tensile test, the elastic modulus of 11.86 MPa, a maximum tensile stress of 1.664 MPa and an elongation percentage of 3.04 percent were obtained. While, from the biodegradability test, a biodegradation in soil of 33.68 percent and in air of 18.72 percent was obtained in a period of 32 days. As a result, it was obtained that the bioplastic has mechanical properties very similar to common plastics.