ROL DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA ANSIEDAD DE LA PACIENTE EN PERIODO PRENATAL

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy involves important physical and emotional changes in women, which can generate psychological disorders, making it a priority research topic for public health. Anxiety generates excessive and persistent worries, classified as the second most disabling mental disorder in American countries. For this reason, health professionals must participate in educational, preventive and therapeutic interventions. Methodology: A systematic bibliographic review of articles with the criteria (PRISMA) was carried out through a search in health science databases: Pbmed, Scielo y Elsevier. Results: Review tables were made divided by subtopics: 1) Articles were reviewed in relation to prenatal anxiety, 2) Factors associated with prenatal anxiety and 3) Nursing role in prenatal anxiety. Discussion: The articles reviewed on the risk factors for prenatal anxiety agree that low social/family support, domestic violence, low economic income, as well as a history of psychological disorders give rise to psychological and emotional health problems of the pregnant woman. Which evidenced the need to educate the pregnant patient to clarify doubts throughout the pregnancy. Conclusion: Nursing, being the staff that has the first contact with the patient, has to participate as an educator in the controls that the mother undergoes in the different health entities in order to identify alterations in both physical and mental health.