INTERVENCIÓN NUTRICIONAL EN DEPORTISTAS DE ALTO RENDIMIENTO CON ANEMIA

Abstract

Sports nutrition, a constantly evolving science, focuses on providing athletes with the nutrients necessary for training, competition, recovery and rest. This includes adequate energy, macronutrients for muscle repair, and micronutrients for physical performance. "Sports anemia" is a concern, characterized by low hemoglobin levels that can affect performance. Iron deficiency anemia, caused by iron deficiency, is common in athletes and can affect the body's ability to transport oxygen. Intense exercise can induce changes in the hematological system, contributing to this apparent anemia. Iron intake and bioavailability are essential, highlighting the importance of combining iron-rich foods with absorption enhancers and avoiding inhibitors such as tea and calcium. In athletic women, high levels of hepcidin can inhibit iron absorption, especially during intermittent fasting, increasing the risk of anemia and menstrual problems. Athletes, especially women, have higher iron requirements due to losses during menstruation and increased metabolism. Therefore, special attention to iron intake is crucial to maintain optimal performance in sport.