Caraterización mecánica del material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzada con fibra de hoja de Yucca Elephantipes para la determinación de propiedades mecánicas en aplicaciones industriales

Abstract

The present experimental work deals with the elaboration of a new composite material of polyester resin matrix and fiber reinforcement of Yucca Elephantipes leaf, to determine the best mechanical properties that this gives us with the configurations of longitudinal fiber and short fiber in the different fractions volumetric proposals. It was considered to use the leaf of this plant because it is ornamental, it is rich in fiber and many times it is discarded without any use, then with the new composite material it is allowed to use the waste produced and collaborate with the environment. The tests were performed under the requirements of ASTM D3039-15 standards for traction, ASTM D7264-15 for flexure and ASTM D5628-10 for impact. The group of test pieces tested that showed the best mechanical properties was the volumetric fraction of 35% reinforcement and 65% of matrix with longitudinal fiber configuration. The main applications of this material are in the automotive industry for the manufacture of decorative parts for vehicles, for the furniture industry, etc. Their easy manufacture and molding allow them to replace traditional materials.