Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario del Barrio Bella Esperanza del Cantón Gonzalo Pizarro, perteneciente a la Provincia de Sucumbíos

Abstract

This technical project addresses an urgent need in the Bella Esperanza neighborhood located in the Gonzalo Pizarro Canton, Sucumbíos Province—which lacks a sanitary sewer system. All 61 households rely exclusively on septic tanks that, without proper maintenance, pose a health risk to residents. To tackle this issue, a design was developed for a sanitary sewer network and a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) tailored to local conditions. The process began with a topographic survey using RTK technology to obtain high-precision elevation data, enabling the design of a fully gravity-fed system. Subsequently, based on direct resident surveys and INEC census data, a future population of 223 inhabitants was projected for a 20-year design period, with a future water consumption rate of 235 L/inhabitant/day and a design flow rate of 13.31 L/s. The network comprises 54 manholes and 200 mm PVC piping, adhering to hydraulic design criteria established in Ecuadorian and Bolivian standards. The proposed treatment system consists of a sequence comprising pre-treatment, an Imhoff tank, an Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF), and a sludge drying bed, as the existing septic tank was found to be volumetrically insufficient for the projected demand. This proposal offers a technically sound, low-operating-cost solution aimed at tangibly improving the community's quality of life