EFICACIA DE LAS DIFERENTES MODALIDADES DE EJERCICIO EN PACIENTES CON DISPOSITIVOS CARDÍACOS IMPLANTABLES: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

Abstract

Introduction: heart failure is one of the most prevalent diseases, generally manage d through a medical-surgical approach with the placement of implantable cardia c devices (ICDs). Cardiac rehabilitation in these patients involves various physica l exercises that focus on improving quality of life. This study aimed to gather information to determine the exercise modality with the best short-term clinica l outcomes, that are also appropriate to patients with ICDs. Methods: a systematic literature review was conducted by searching for clinica l studies in the Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases from 2019 to March 2024. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were employed, and the search followed PRISMA guidelines. Results: ten Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) were identified; one trial addresse d patients with pacemakers (PM), one study included subjects with implanta b l e cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), three trials focused on patients with cardia c resynchronization therapy (CRT), three studies involved subjects with both ICD and CRT, and two trials included patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). A total of 379 subjects participated, of which 291 were in the exercise intervention group. Four exercise modalities were found: interval aerobic, moderate continuous, combin e d (resistance and strength), and High-intensity interval training (HIIT). Conclusions: combined resistance and strength training was determined as the modality with the best short-term clinical outcomes for patients with implantable cardiac devices.