Diseño de un plan de gestión para manejo y disposición final de residuos sólidos generados en parques, plazas y plazoletas del cantón Baños

Abstract

This research aims to design a management plan for the handling and final disposal of solid waste generated in parks, plazas, and squares in the Baños canton. Improper solid waste management in parks and squares has had a significant negative impact on the environment. The incorrect handling of this waste has become a persistent problem, generating serious environmental consequences. One of the main contributing factors is the scarcity of waste collection containers, which prevents waste from being properly stored and managed. This deficiency is reflected in the accumulation of waste, which generates unpleasant odors and attracts pests. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques that included direct observation, user surveys, interviews with municipal officials, and a situational environmental assessment. The results showed that organic waste, plastics, and paper/cardboard constitute the main types of waste generated, while the current infrastructure has low coverage, insufficient signage, and infrequent maintenance. Furthermore, limited citizen participation in source separation practices was identified. Based on the diagnosis, a Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (PGIRS) is proposed. The plan aims to improve municipal operational efficiency, foster a culture of sustainability, and ensure the preservation of the canton's public spaces. Implementation of the PGIRS will reduce environmental impacts, improve the landscape and tourism quality, and contribute to compliance with local and national environmental management policies.