CARACTERIZACIÓN MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PLASMODIUM SPP. Y DISEÑO DE UNA ESTRATEGIA DE INTERVENCIÓN COMUNITARIA

Abstract

Malaria is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium that are transmitted through the bite of a female mosquito of the genus Anopheles. Within this genus we find four species of great health interest, which are P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae and P. falciparum; The latter is the one that generates the most complications in humans. The primary objective is to microbiologically characterize Plasmodium spp. For the determination of malaria in peripheral smear samples from the residents of the Domingo Playa community in the province of Orellana, the methodology used in this study is a descriptive and observational cross-sectional type with a nonexperimental quantitative approach because no modifications were made. the variables under study by the researcher the results obtained from the 60 participants of the sampling corresponding to 100%, 48% belong to the male population and 52% to the female sex, for the analysis the positive cases are taken as reference, with sex predominating male with 57%, while 43% are female, of which 100% are indigenous, 73.3% of patients who came to undergo the study in the Domingo Playa community tested positive through thick smear analysis and 26.7% reflected negative results, 9.1% of them presented Plasmodium falciparum, while the parasite that predominated was Plasmodium vivax in 90.9% of the total of 44 patients positive for malaria and aged between 20-24 years, in conclusion the risk factors were determined, which found that 25% of the patients do not present any type of risk, 43.3% of the participants live near the river, while 16.7% lack an awning 10% do not have coverage and 5% maintain constant trips, so they are autochthonous cases, all of the above are risk factors for malaria contagion. In a globalized world, diseases have no borders, so the fight against malaria must be done jointly to allow for strategies to eradicate malaria