Análisis constructivo de una vivienda tradicional edificada con técnicas vernáculas en el Cantón Cevallos

Abstract

This research, entitled “Constructive analysis of a traditional house built using vernacular techniques in the canton of Cevallos,” arises in response to the need to rescue and value the traditional architectural knowledge that persists in the Ecuadorian Andean territory. This study, part of the Architecture, Heritage, and Technology program at the Technical University of Ambato, contributes to the recognition of traditional housing as an expression of the cultural, social, and architectural heritage of the province of Tungurahua. The work is significant for its contribution to the understanding of vernacular building systems and their role in the cultural landscape of Cevallos. It recognizes that traditional architecture is not only a material resource but also a symbol of identity and sustainability, as it uses local materials and inherited techniques that are adapted to the environmental and social conditions of the place. Methodologically, the study was conducted using a qualitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical design, based on Hernández Sampieri's methodology. It was structured in three phases: one of theorization, through bibliographic analysis of traditional housing and vernacular techniques; another of case analysis, through direct observation, architectural survey, and technical data sheets applied to a representative dwelling in the canton; and a final phase of applied synthesis, where a technical construction guide was developed as the final product. The results show the coherence between construction systems and the natural environment, as well as the validity of empirical knowledge in strengthening territorial identity. The technical guide constitutes an academic and professional contribution that seeks to preserve and disseminate vernacular construction principles for future architectural interventions with cultural relevance and environmental sustainability.