Riesgos ergonómicos debido a la manipulación manual de cargas de la microempresa “Gemes

Abstract

The present research work of the ergonomic evaluation due to manual handling of loads that corresponds to the transport or fastening of a load that generates the appearance of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the personnel of the micro- company "GEMES". The main objective of the research is to manage the risks of manual handling of loads consisting in the identification, estimation, assessment and control of the factors that contribute to the occurrence of hazards. The study begins with the identification of the factors that are present in the production area, using an Ergonomic Checklist proposed by the INSST from which 103 items are taken and used to identify the conditions in which workers are performing their work and also through the risk estimation the risks that affect this area were identified. The research assesses the risk of lifting loads by means of the INSHT Technical Guide that determines the acceptable weight to be lifted by the personnel and it is also evaluated by means of the NIOSH equation that allowed obtaining the Lifting Index (IL) by means of 7 factors that influence lifting; these two methods are the fundamental ones to evaluate the manual lifting activities. The results of the evaluations according to the aforementioned methods show that the tasks performed by the personnel have an unacceptable risk due to heavy loads and forced postures. Therefore, different solutions should be implemented, such as: training of personnel, mechanical aids, medical check-ups, constant risk assessment, etc.