Soluciones de seguridad en sistemas iot de hogares inteligentes para mitigar riesgos y vulnerabilidades mediante la realización de pruebas de penetración

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is revolutionizing the intercommunication between smart home devices. However, the security of these systems faces security challenges as more devices are incorporated, so effective solutions are needed to protect sensitive data and information integrity. The IoT system designed for this research is made up of a variety of devices common in smart homes, such as lights, switches, plugs, security cameras, motion sensors, and an "Alexa" voice assistant. Penetration testing on this system uses the Stride model, which analyzes six categories of threats: spoofing, data tampering, repudiation, information disclosure, denial of service, and elevation of privilege; to identify specific risks and vulnerabilities. Based on these results, measures are established to ensure the security of the system, including limiting access to authorized devices, assigning static IP addresses, and strong passwords in the router's configuration. In addition, specific tools are incorporated in the machine to monitor and control data traffic, allowing users to supervise their network’s status. The evaluation of the effectiveness of these measures reveals a mitigation of vulnerabilities of up to 64,052% in the total system. This highlights the effectiveness of the security measures applied. This high percentage of mitigation evidences the robustness of the system in protecting against possible attacks and guarantees a more secure environment for the system's IoT devices