Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de líneas promisorias de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) del INIAP, sector Querochaca

Abstract

In Ecuador, wheat production is of great importance and a high demand in the economy. The most producing provinces are Bolívar, Chimborazo, Pichincha, Imbabura and Tungurahua. The research work was carried out in Querochaca, Tungurahua province with the objective of determining the agronomic behavior of 4 promising lines of wheat under the agroecological conditions of the Querochaca campus. A completely randomized block design (DBCA) was carried out with three repetitions, plant height, type of straw, number of grains per spike, spike size, severity of yellow rust, yield type and grain color were evaluated; and test weight. The results obtained were for the plant height variable, the TA- 19-003 line obtained a greater height of 97.67 cm, the TA-19-008 line showed a strong stem (thick, erect, flexible). The INIAP-IMBABURA variety presented a higher test weight of 79.13 kg/hl. Regarding the type and color of the grain, a high percentage of the grains were medium, white and of good appearance, while the rest were medium, red and good grains or thick, red grains and good appearance. For the variable number of grains per spike, the line TA-20-001 presented 58 grains/spike followed by TA-19-003 with 51 grains/spike. The INIAP-IMBABURA 2014 variety showed the least severity to attack by yellow or stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis), the TA-19-003 line obtained a higher yield with an average weight of 56664.81 kg/ha.