Análisis técnico y económico de la fabricación e instalación de bombas de calor en el Ecuador

Abstract

This research arises from the need to implement innovative technologies that contribute to the country’s decarbonization. The lack of manufacture of air source heat pumps for sanitary water heating has given way to technical design projects that have demonstrated the potential of the national industry. In this context, it is sought to analyze the feasibility of obtaining this equipment according to the economic reality of representative social groups of the country and, finally, to evaluate its technical performance in the different regions of Ecuador. Initially, the calculation of the coefficient of performance was carried out according to the climate in which the heat pumps would be installed, differentiated in Coast and Amazon, and finally Highlands. Furthermore, the economic evaluation considered the costs of obtaining and using the equipment, which include the purchase, taxes on imported goods and a three-year debt. A positive technical feasibility was determined regarding the use of the equipment, with minimal performance reductions in the Highlands group. The economic analysis presented negative results for the investment project in residences. In order to solve the difficulties observed in obtaining foreign production equipment, a program that encourages national manufacture of air source heat pumps for domestic water heating is proposed. If carried out, the program will make it possible to optimize State resources and will facilitate the acquisition of environmentally friendly technology.