Ejercicios de Otago adaptado al equilibrio para manejar el riesgo de caídas del adulto mayor

Abstract

The actual research was carried out with the aim to handle the falling risk in the elderly without disability between 65 and 85 years old who live in rural areas and belong to the care unit “Dejando huellas con oro en su corazón” of the Ministry of the Economic and Social Inclusion. A pre and post evaluation was carried out with the Timed up and go (TUG) and Single leg stance tests. The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) adapted to balance developed warm-up and flexibility exercises, an initial walking program, muscle activation exercises, strength and balance. Two sessions per week were applied, lasting approximately 45 minutes each, over a period of 12 weeks. The T-STUDENT statistical test was applied using the IBM SPSS STATISTICS 20 system, in which a p<0,001 value was obtained in both evaluations, evidencing a significant decrease in the risk of falls after the intervention. The final TUG showed that the number of participants with a high risk of falling was 0 (zero), which decreased this condition by 20%, in the slight risk there was an improvement of 12%, while 32% of older adults who no longer present a risk of falling increased. The final SLST revealed that the 64% of the total study population was no longer at risk of falls.