Guía de ejercicios propioceptivos vestibulares para mejorar la marcha del adulto mayor

Abstract

Loss of balance in the elderly cause falls, that are a major public health problem, thus classified as one of the most important problems in the elderly due to post-fall consequences. Due to aging, sensorimotor functions, as balance and proprioception, are altered. At present, it has been observed that in several gerontological centers and hospitals the protocol for the prevention of falls has focused on conventional exercises with parallel bars. This is why a proprioceptive-vestibular exercise guide added to a conventional protocol will improve gait control. A guide of proprioceptive-vestibular exercises was carried out in a population of 25 older adults, which consists of three phases where the complexity of the exercises increases. The first phase of 4 weeks is worked individually and phase two and three are applied as a group. For the evaluation of the data and variables in balance and proprioception, the Timed Up and test, the Tinetti test, the Romberg test and finally the Berg scale were applied. The application of the guide lasted 12 weeks. For its elaboration, bibliographic instruments were used that were taken from the main scientific bases: PubMed, Sciene Direct, Scielo and were modified according to the reality of the Older Adults evaluated. Favorable results were obtained, it contributed to reduce the number of falls in older adults with a higher risk of falling, to increase confidence when walking and control the balance. All this was evidenced not only with the results of the tests, but also with a higher level of independence in daily activities during the day that they attended the Gerontological Center.