Desnutrición infantil en niños menores de 5 años en ecuador durante el periodo 2017-2021; revisión sistemática

Abstract

Child malnutrition is a serious health problem that affects the less favored sectors of society, mainly due to economic factors. The purpose of this study was to identify the problem of child malnutrition in children under 5 years of age in Ecuador during the period 2017-2021. A review was carried out through a search in the electronic databases Medline, Scielo, VHL that included original articles, reviews, case studies, editorials, as well as technical reports from official entities in the field of health directly related to child malnutrition in children under 5 years. A total of 21 bibliographic sources directly related to the units of analysis were included: prevalence, diagnostic parameters, predisposing factors and diseases associated with child malnutrition. With the review, it is concluded that there is a high prevalence of child malnutrition in Ecuador, especially in the sierra region where the indigenous population is mainly affected; The economic factor is the main cause of this nutritional condition and the consequences are perceived both in the short and long term. The diagnostic parameters are based mainly on anthropometric indicators and biochemical ones as support.