Infección por el virus de papiloma humano (HPV) y displasias de cuello uterino

Abstract

Worldwide, the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has produced a greater number of infections in young women. To establish a cytological diagnosis, it is essential to differentiate the lesions that are precursors of cervical cancer and caused by HPV infection. Richard and Barron, in their studies, demonstrated that there is cytological progress until reaching cancer. This entire process begins with the formation of intraepithelial neoplasia, that is, CIN1, CIN2, CIN3 and carcinoma in situ until the invasive cancer is formed. Material and method: A documentary research was carried out, through a bibliographic review of different scientific articles published on virtual platforms such as Pudmed, Scielo, Elsevier, as well as the classification according to the Bethesda System and the World Health Organization. Discussion: The recent evolution, the Bethesda System, in addition to the evolution of precursor lesions, divides them into low-grade and high-grade lesions demonstrated by cytology and through the Papanicolaou technique and staining. Conclusions: HPV is one of the most common infections caused by sexual transmission. This infection is present in both men and women, and in certain cases it can be asymptomatic, causing a higher incidence rate of infections.