Establecimiento in vitro de un banco de plantas donantes de Solanum tuberosum Var. Cecilia

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of some factors in sprouting of tubers, in vitro establishment of bud, and multiplication of vitroplants and in vitro rooting of Solanum tuberosum L. Var. Cecilia. Concentration and type of bud break inducer was evaluated aswell. Light conditions, concentration and type of auxins were analyzed during the in vitro establishment of nodal segments. In the multiplication phase, the effect of auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, as well as the type and concentration of carbon sources were determined. In the rooting phase, the effect of the type of auxin and its concentrations were evaluated. A completely randomized design was used in each experiment. Ethanol, AG3 and Dormex provided the best results, both for number and length of shoots, as well as the days required for sprouting. The buds of potato tubers Var. Cecilia sprout regardless of the lighting condition used. Some concentrations of ANA (0,1 and 0,5 ppm) and AIA (0,1 and 0,5 ppm) increased plant height during the in vitro establishment phase, however, there were no statistically significant differences between the other variables. In vitro multiplication of nodal segments with sucrose concentrations of 20, 30, 40 and 60 g.L⁻¹ increased the number of leaves, number of nodes and plant height; likewise, fructose had a similar behavior. Regarding the concentration and type of phytohormones, ANA (0,1 and 0,25 ppm) and AIB (0,05 and 0,25 ppm) improved the in vitro multiplication of the nodal segments, by increasing the number of nodes and leaves per plant, as well as the height of plant. The concentration of 0,15 ppm of AG3 increased the number of nodes and leaves per plant; while Zeatin concentrations of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 ppm increased the number of leaves and shoots, as well as plant height. In the in vitro rooting phase, the auxins ANA (1 ppm), AIA (0,5 ppm) and AIB (0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25 and 1.50 ppm) increased the aerial roots, while the submerged roots prevailed with the combinations of ANA (0,01 and 0,05 ppm), AIA (0,5 ppm) and AIB (0,5 ppm). According with obtained results, it was possible to obtain the first bank of in vitro donor plants of Solanum tuberosum L. Variety Cecilia in the Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato.