OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL ALMACENAMIENTO DE ENERGÍA PARA INTEGRACION FOTOVOLTAICA EN DOMICILIOS UTILIZANDO MATLAB

Abstract

Currently, the use of photovoltaic solar energy has increased significantly worldwide, as it is considered clean, inexhaustible, and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, it drastically reduces the environmental impact of CO2 emissions by a total of 840 (kg CO2) per year. In fact, photovoltaic systems can be of two types: off-grid when it is difficult to access the electrical distribution system and grid-connected when it can provide or receive energy from the electrical system. This project focuses on off-grid systems and proposes control strategies for optimizing battery bank energy storage. Therefore, the following scenarios were considered in a Matlab simulation: a photovoltaic system without optimization, the oversizing of a photovoltaic system, a photovoltaic system with demand management, a photovoltaic system with auxiliary generation, and a hybrid system (photovoltaic - auxiliary generator) with demand management. The most representative findings indicate that the use of a hybrid system allows recovering the battery state of charge (SOC) by 1.8% per day, satisfying the needs of the users and including shading conditions in its analysis. Additionally, a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) analysis was performed for each scenario mentioned, for which the hybrid system presents a LCOE of 44.1 (cUSD/kWh). This means that the application of a hybrid system is feasible in homes that do not have access to the distribution network. Finally, the result of this analysis contributes to the implementation of hybrid systems in off-grid systems. In addition, it contributes to homes connected to the grid to drive photovoltaic energy to reduce the environmental impact produced by the CO2 footprint and the load on the distribution system.