Espondilitis anquilosante juvenil: a propósito de un caso

Abstract

Ankylosing spondylitis is known as an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory arthritis that is included in the group called spondyloarthritis, which occurs mainly in men, mainly affecting the axial skeleton as well as the sacroiliac joints. Within its clinical forms of presentation, juvenile ankylosing spondylitis is established as the type of spondyloarthropopathy that occurs in children under 16 years of age, characterized by inflammation of the joints of the axial skeleton accompanied by axial stiffness, with an estimated incidence between 1.4 and 2.1 cases per 100,000 children per year according to the different studies, with human leukocyte antigen HLA-B27 as the main associated genetic risk factor. In the present work, the case of a 15-year-old adolescent with chronic pain of 3 years of evolution at the lumbar level of moderate to great intensity of an inflammatory type that worsens with rest and improves with the consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is presented. accompanied by joint pain in the knees. Due to the fact that this is a pathology of idiopathic etiology with a pathogenesis not completely defined, a correlation of the information obtained through the clinical case will be made with the current bibliography regarding epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology and even more regarding to the most important diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of the same and based on these to be able to determine what is the optimal treatment to be carried out in this type of patients.