Riesgos ergonómicos por posturas forzadas y movimientos repetitivos para un sector de la industria de fabricación de bloques en el proceso de prensado

Abstract

The handmade manufacture of blocks is associated with ergonomic hazards that affect the health of workers, for this reason, the research focused on the identification and assessment of ergonomic risks due to forced postures, repetitive movements and pushing loads for the subsequent presentation of corrective actions. The research was carried out based on the Risk Management methodology applied to 10 artisan blockmakers for which 24 people were involved. After the field visits and the recognition of 3 workstations, and 35 tasks, the ergonomic hazards associated with each task were identified using the cards adapted from the ISO TR 12295:2014 technical report; the estimation using the binary method matrix determined that 74% of the tasks present a moderate risk level, while 26% present a tolerable risk level. The risk assessment for awkward postures using the REBA method showed a prevalence of high risk level, while the risk assessment for repetitive movements using the Check List OCRA method showed a variation of risk level between acceptable and unacceptable high depending on the work organization system. Finally, the level of risk from pushing loads using the method proposed by NOM-036-STPS-1-2018. Appendix II, showed a prevalence of medium possible risk level. The study concludes that there is a need to implement procedures to improve workplace conditions and to train workers