Sistema de cosecha y almacenamiento de energía con sistemas de rectennas y celdas fotovoltaicas para dispositivos inalámbricos IoT de baja potencia.

Abstract

Due to the advancement of technology, the increase in IoT devices has been notorious, devices that allow the user to have constant control and monitoring of parameters such as temperature, pressure, the state of a piece of equipment or the health of a certain person, has also It has been notorious that due to the small size of the batteries, they cannot keep the device working for long periods of time and they are required to be constantly removed from their jobs to recharge the battery, an activity that generates a deterioration of the equipment due to mobility and reduction of load cycles. In this project, a system was developed that allowed harvesting the existing electromagnetic energy in the RF waves of Wi-Fi, adding to the energy harvested from sunlight and later storing it in a lithium battery, for this a system of 4 stages, in the first stage the RF energy is captured by means of a Fractal antenna known as a Sierpinski carpet and is multiplied by 2 using the Cockcroft Walton circuit to increase the acquired voltage, in the second stage, a solar panel is used mono crystalline to harvest solar energy, in the third stage a series connection is used to add the voltages acquired from the two previous stages and the last stage is in charge of regulating the voltage and storing it in a lithium battery. The project is designed with the aim of providing auxiliary power to low-power IoT devices, reducing costs for electrical energy consumption and increasing the durability of battery charges in IoT equipment, this work is also part of the research project: Electromagnetic Energy Collection System for Energy Supply in Internet of Things (IoT) Terminals in Fifth Generation (5G) environments” approved by Resolution No. UTACONIN-2020-0299-R dated August 21, 2020