Proyecto de intervención al uso de antibióticos en pacientes adultos del servicio de hospitalización del Hospital Básico el Puyo.

Abstract

The inappropriate and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, the poor control of nosocomial infections increases the development of resistance mechanisms, reducing therapeutic possibilities and increasing hospital stay. Infections caused by resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost of treatment, triggering the appearance of outbreaks at the hospital level. Due to this, in the present study it was proposed to rationalize the adequate use of antibiotics in the Puyo Basic Hospital in adult patients. This was done using a scientific methodology with a quantitative and quasi- experimental approach, through which the database was reviewed in the SPSS program and the entire population of hospitalized patients aged between 20 and 40 years was studied in a period of January until June 2021. It was obtained that Staphylococcus presents resistance against the antibiotic oxacillin with 76.2%. 100% of Gram-negative microorganisms are resistant to ampicillin, 88.8% are resistant to ampicillin sulbactam, 77.8% are resistant to cephalothin and 61.1% are resistant to sulfatrimetropim. Escherichia coli 27.7% are ESBL-producing bacteria. Finally, the factors that predispose to the inappropriate use of antibiotics were evaluated, it was proposed to adopt timely corrective measures, especially in those antibiotics that exceed 30% in relation to resistance.