Análisis de los procesos de soldadura SMAW, GMAW Y FCAW en varillas de acero estructural corrugado ASTM A706, mediante juntas a tope con bisel en V simple y doble, y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas de la junta soldada

Abstract

In order to provide an alternative to the traditional method of overlapping between reinforcing steel rods, it is intended to analyze some applicable welding processes to join reinforcing steel rods in the present work. The base material corresponds to reinforcing steel ASTM A706, the same one that is marketed nationally by the main steel mills and whose main characteristic is its good weldability. The welding processes used were the SMAW, GMAW and FCAW processes, and the joints used were single and double beveled butt joints for a rod diameter of 14 mm. The weld seams were made by a qualified welder and the welding processes were qualified by a welding inspector. The destructive tests carried out were the tension and macroetch tests, while the non-destructive test carried out was the penetrant dye test, which was carried out based on the structural welding code and based on structural welding code – steel reinforcing bars. Once the data was tabulated, the type of joint that presented the best mechanical properties for the FCAW process was the double V-bevel butt joint, while for the SMAW process good results were obtained for both types of bevel, however, after performing the analysis of welding costs, the type of butt joint with double V bevel was the one that reached the best cost-benefit ratio, despite the fact that compared to the other processes it was the most expensive; an additional benefit of this process is that it does not require an external shielding gas. The GMAW process, despite complying with the requirements of the code, did not obtain a good result in the percentage of elongation; Regarding the FCAW process, additional specimens were made to carry out the macroetch tests, because if a correct cleaning between passes is not carried out and the correct parameters are not used in the welding, a lack of fusion is obtained between the base metal and the base metal. input.