Pulsera electrónica inalámbrica con tecnología LoRa para la monitorización de turistas en parques nacionales

Abstract

This research work details the development of a wireless electronic bracelet for monitoring tourists in National Parks using LoRa technology to have a long range in data transmission, its performance tests were carried out in Ambato in the Huachi Chico neighborhood. , in the Cotopaxi National Park and the Sangay National Park. The tourist monitoring system in National Parks consists of a WSN or wireless sensor network, which is divided into the wireless node, the gateway and the base station. The wireless node consists of the bracelet that is responsible for collecting the data from the heart rate sensor and the blood oxygen level, which are located on the tourist's wrist using the electronic bracelet, the data is also acquired of the GPS through the Neo 6m module, which sends the information with the NMEA protocol by serial communication to the microcontroller and through some processes the information of the latitude, longitude, altitude, speed and satellites is extracted. Once the necessary data has been taken, it is sent through LoRa communication to the gateway. The gateway receives the data and sends it through a file created in Python to a database where there will be a track and history of the tourist's location. Finally, the tourist data is displayed through an interface made in Grafana which was installed on a raspberry Pi 4, this being the base station. For monitoring, it is done every 5 seconds and a local map server was developed which can represent the tourist's location on a map without the need for an internet connection, this was achieved through requests to the server's database. made in a php file, and later send the data in Json format so that it can be represented on the map from which the images were downloaded using Mobile Atlas. The electronic bracelet underwent some functional tests taking into account the National Park and the time of your visit.