Prototipo IOT para un invernadero acuapónico doméstico en áreas urbanas

Abstract

Aquaponics is an agricultural system that combines hydroponics as a method of production of plant products and aquaculture for the hatchery and reproduction of fish, in such a way that the water in which the fish develop is used by the plants for being rich in nutrients product of the waste of the fish, closing the cycle when the water returns to the habitat of the fish, these being now the beneficiaries of the nutrients provided by the plants. This research work details the characteristics of design, implementation and operation of an IoT prototype for a domestic aquaponic greenhouse in urban areas, considering the optimal conditions under the plants and fish can subsist under the same environment so that both species are seen benefited each other. The prototype of the IoT system is based on a microcontroller with a WiFi connection that fulfills the functions of acquisition and conditioning of signals, which come from sensors installed in the aquaponic prototype according to the variables to be measured in the different environments to later be sent to a LAMP server installed on an SBC Session Border Controller. The data provided by the different sensors allow the constant monitoring of the environmental and biochemical variables of the aquaponic system and through the processing of this information, the system makes the decisions to activate the corresponding actuators, which allow maintaining the optimal conditions and for the appropriate development of plant and animal species. The IoT system includes a web interface that can be accessed outside the local network, allowing the user to review historical data of the system, its operation and evolution with the help of graphs and tables. On the other hand, the system has a mobile application that alerts the user about the status of the system and thus provides monitoring and control facilities.