Fisioterapia respiratoria en la recuperación de pacientes post covid-19

Abstract

Despite the fact that most cases with Covid-19 are mild, a considerable percentage develop severe infections; Of these, 75% will have a long hospitalization and the rest will have to enter intensive care. Therefore, the prevalence of complications associated with bedridden factors and the prone posture that the patient with Covid-19 must maintain is high; thus they develop respiratory symptoms, fatigue, functional limitations, among others; being indispensable to recover the respiratory condition, the functionality and to reinsert the patient to his habituality. The objective of the study was to establish a respiratory physiotherapy program in the recovery of post-covid-19 patients; Through a search for scientific information in high-impact databases, to structure a plan, the plan was subsequently validated under the judgment of experts and finally the plan was shared with interested health professionals. The results of 50 articles obtained and a total of 5 selected articles, after applying an algorithm for selection: 5 bibliographic reviews, 1 relational descriptive study, 1 convenience sampling study, 1 case studies, 1 controlled trial, 1 cross-sectional study; The program was structured with a duration of 6 and 8 weeks after hospital discharge, with an initial frequency of 3 to 5 times a week and progresses to 5 to 7 times a week, the duration of the session is initially 20 to 30 minutes and progresses to 30 to 45 minutes and the repetitions of the exercises at the beginning 1 to 2 sets of 10 repetitions per exercise that progresses to 3 to 5 sets of 10 repetitions per exercise; It was validated by the criteria of 5 experts, with a concordance of 0.95 CVCt; When the program was socialized, the level of satisfaction of the professionals was partially satisfactory and totally satisfactory. Therefore, it can be concluded that the respiratory physiotherapy program in the recovery of the post Covid-19 patient is a reproducible and applicable instrument in the practice of physiotherapy.