Aplicación de la técnica de liberación miofascial en puntos gatillo del trapecio para aliviar el dolor cervical

Abstract

Neck pain is a problem that affects a large part of the population, especially workers. Usually there are palpable pain-causing nodules called trigger points, which can be treated using the myofascial release technique. The objective of the study was to apply the myofascial release technique within the treatment protocol on the trigger point of the trapezius muscle to relieve cervical pain, in patients aged 20 to 50 years attending the Eduardo Montenegro Basic Hospital, July-December 2020. The sample consisted of 27 patients, with an average age of 33.59 ± 8.19 years, the majority residing in urban areas, with a non-university higher level, married and with work activities. The visual analog pain scale (VAS), the neck disability index questionnaire, measurements with the goniometer in the cervical region and the Daniels test were applied. The mean of the VAS evaluations went from 7.59 ± 1.37 before the therapeutic treatment to 2.22 ± 1.48 after the treatment; the neck disability index changed from 32.59 ± 4.81 at the start of the study to 14.48 ± 2.74 after therapy; while, all measurements with the goniometer increased after myofascial release therapy, indicating greater neck mobility. All changes were statistically significant (p <0.05). It is concluded that the myofascial release technique is effective for the reduction of neck pain, cervical disability and to improve range of motion.