Diseño de un punzón para corte-troquelado de un material compuesto de matriz polimérica reforzado con fibras naturales

Abstract

In the present project, a punch was designed and built with the purpose of being used in composite materials, in such a way that it was analyzed whether the type of punch configuration, the type of reinforcement fiber and the type of matrix influence the quality of the cut. Four different configurations were used for the study: straight, Wshaped, double shear at 20 degrees and single shear at 30 degrees; which were designed in a CAD with a diameter of 12.7 mm and a height of 70 mm. The study focuses on the simulation through the application of the finite element method in a specialized software where the dynamic behavior of the various types of punch was evaluated and through which six types of composite materials were designed and used for each simulation. In order to validate the simulations carried out, we chose to build the punches with their various secondary components to be evaluated and tested in two composite materials: One made of epoxy resin with jute fiber and the second of polyester resin with jute fiber. Once the punching test was performed, the cuts were evaluated, resulting in a delamination factor at the entrance of 1.046 and at the exit of 1.066; in this way it was analyzed that the W punch is the ideal cutting tool for the application in composite materials.