Determinantes socioculturales relacionados con el desarrollo de depresión en el adulto mayor con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y/o hipertensión arterial

Abstract

In Primary Health Care, the Family Physician is the fundamental pillar in the comprehensive care of the individual, family and community in all stages of life. Faced with the increase in older adults worldwide, the WHO affirms that this age group currently represents 11% of the world population and projects that by 2050 they will represent 22% of the total population in the world. Aging is proportional to the appearance of non-communicable chronic diseases in the elderly, generating a real public health problem. Therefore, it has been seen the need to carry out the present investigation in this age group, whose objective was to establish the relationship between sociocultural determinants and depression in the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension in the central and southern Zumbalica neighborhood in 2020. The research had a cross-sectional, analytical, observational quantitative approach. Universe of 103 older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension residing in the central and southern Zumbalica neighborhood. Sample represented by 100 older adults who met the inclusion criteria. A survey was applied which included questions on the sociocultural aspect, the Batalla, Morisky Green tests and the Yesavage geriatric depression scale. The results were that 81% of the older adults studied have depression; being is more frequent in older adults with DM and HTA together. The determinants that are strongly related to depression were sex, marital status, educational instruction, occupation, coexistence, adequate knowledge of the disease and adherence to treatment. In conclusion, sociocultural determinants have a positive relationship in the development of depression in the elderly with DM and / or HTA.