Extracción de antocianinas a partir de coronta de maíz morado (Zea mays L.) para el aprovechamiento de residuos agrícolas

Abstract

This study aimed to extract a natural dye from purple corn cobs (Zea mays L.) that could serve as a substitute for synthetic dyes which can cause damage to health, and reduce pollution caused by agricultural waste. Dye existing in purple corn is cyanidin-3-glucoside, belonging to the group of anthocyanins, which have antioxidant properties that benefit health, so when used as a substitute of chemical dyes it adds value to the product intended for human consumption. Temperature, extraction time and plant material-solvent volume relationship to obtain the best concentration of anthocyanin material was evaluated. Best results of anthocyanin concentration and yield were obtained with a 1:80 (W/V) plant material-solvent volume relationship, an extraction time of 1 hour and a temperature of 90°C, achieving a concentration of 234,870 mg/L, or 18,79 mg/g of purple corn cob with a yield of 1,879%.