Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item La Atención Psicosocial y la Calidad de Vida a Personas con Enfermedades Terminales(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-07-07) Tubon Aranda, Alison Dayana; Pino Loza, Eulalia DoloresThe research entitled "Psychosocial care and the quality of life of people with terminal illnesses at the Divina Misericordia Foundation” addresses the problems of people with terminal illnesses who require comprehensive care that is not limited to medical treatment, but incorporates emotional, family, social and spiritual accompaniment, so the study is developed at the Divina Misericordia Foundation, a space where people in vulnerable conditions who face advanced processes of illness, pain, dependence, loneliness and uncertainty. The general objective was to analyze the influence of psychosocial care on the quality of life of people with terminal illnesses framed in the research line of social welfare, health and quality of life, from the perspective of Social Work. The methodology consisted of a qualitative approach, with a descriptive scope; the semi-structured interview was used as a technique, which allowed to collect perceptions, experiences and meanings of patients regarding the support received, institutional treatment, family participation and the factors that affect their well-being, among the main findings show that psychosocial care contributes to strengthening emotional tranquility, security, self-esteem, affective accompaniment and the perception of dignity in patients, the novelty of the research lies in making psychosocial care visible as an essential component of the quality of life in terminal illnesses, highlighting the role of Social Work in the integral understanding of human needs.Item Calidad de vida y Violencia de exilio en migrantes venezolanos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-07-07) Tiñe Tiñe, Katherine Silvana; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaThis study, entitled "Quality of Life and Violence in the Context of Exile Among Venezuelan Migrants," aimed to analyze the living conditions and experiences of violence faced by Venezuelan migrants belonging to the Jóvenes para el Futuro Foundation in the city of Ambato. The research employed a qualitative approach, utilizing self-designed interviews validated by social work professionals and administered to 15 Venezuelan migrants selected through nonprobability sampling. Through the testimonies obtained, factors related to economic hardship, employment difficulties, emotional impact, support networks, and social adaptation problems were identified, all of which directly influence the quality of life of this population. Furthermore, various manifestations of violence were evident, including discrimination, social exclusion, humiliation, and human rights violations during the migration and adaptation process in Ecuador. The results reflect that migration was marked by vulnerability, insecurity, and emotional distress such as stress, anxiety, sadness, and homesickness, primarily due to family separation and economic limitations. However, a significant capacity for resilience, adaptation, and personal growth was also identified, driven by the desire to achieve better life opportunities and support their families.Item Motivación intrínseca y cohesión social en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-07-07) Córdova Pullutasig, Dayana Anabel; Espín Miniguano, Anita DalilaCurrently, emotional well-being and community participation have gained significant importance, as population aging demands a deep understanding of these factors as essential components of quality of life. This research aimed to analyze the influence of intrinsic motivation on the social cohesion of older adults in the El Rosario parish of the Pelileo canton, taking into account the experiences and challenges they face in their daily lives. The study was conducted using a qualitative and descriptive approach through bibliographic and field research, applying semi-structured interviews to 16 participants. This allowed for an understanding of their perceptions and experiences. It was determined that they find motivation in activities such as animal care, agriculture, crafts, and participation in community spaces, as these allow them to be more useful, active, and emotionally satisfied. Challenges affecting their intrinsic motivation were also evident, such as health problems, loneliness, and limited social participation. On the other hand, factors like communication, support networks, and social interaction strengthen social bonds, a sense of belonging, and integration within the community. Furthermore, barriers hindering social cohesion were identified, such as isolation, physical limitations, and a lack of inclusive spaces, which reduce opportunities for social interaction and participation. In this regard, it is worth noting that these are fundamental elements for improving the overall well-being of older adults, as they promote their autonomy and strengthen interpersonal relationships.Item Identidad y Bienestar del Adulto Mayor(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-07-06) Bermudes Pico, Carlos Daniel; Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana Fidencia Naranjo RuizThe project helped determine the influence of well-being on the social identity of older adults, where social identity is reinforced when spaces for participation and inclusion exist, where their life story, knowledge, and contributions to the community are recognized. Maintaining a positive social identity is a protective factor against psychological decline and social exclusion. Through a mixed-methods approach, the identity and well-being of older adults attending the Totoras Parish Council were studied. The research employed a qualitative approach to understand perceptions, sense of belonging, social roles, community participation, and recognition of social identity; as well as a quantitative approach to numerically measure well-being and social identity. A 12-question survey with Likert-scale response options was administered to 52 older adults in the Totoras Parish, and two social workers were interviewed using a 10-question questionnaire, allowing the study to determine the influence of well-being on the social identity of this population. The results show that well-being depends not only on physical health, but also on emotional, family, and social factors that allow older adults to maintain an active and strengthened social identity; for this reason, it is suggested that the GAD and institutions linked to the care of older adults implement comprehensive programs aimed at strengthening the emotional, social, and community well-being of this vulnerable populationItem Realidad social de pepenadores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-21) Quishpe Bautista, Paulina Alexandra; Chiliquinga Vejar, Lorena del CarmenFrom a theoretical perspective, this study addresses social reality as a historical, cultural, and symbolic construct that allows us to understand the lives of waste pickers. Their working conditions are analyzed, characterized by long hours, excessive workloads, low incomes, minimal job satisfaction, and high exposure to physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. The lack of strong organizations, unions, and formalization processes limits access to labor rights, social security, and protection against accidents and occupational diseases. In the economic sphere, incomes are unstable, which affects household stability, increases economic dependence, and restricts access to basic services. Socially, low levels of participation, fragile support networks, and persistent processes of discrimination, stigmatization, and social exclusion are evident. In the area of health, physical, mental, and emotional health problems are identified, along with high exposure to pollution, chronic diseases, and limited access to health services and medical insurance. Finally, the reviewed previous research demonstrates that, despite their precarious situation, waste pickers play an essential role in the circular economy and environmental protection. It is concluded that it is essential to strengthen community organization, promote inclusive public policies, and guarantee labor and social rights that will improve their quality of life and reduce inequality gapsItem Calidad de vida en adultos mayores en estado de mendicidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-19) Cando Vélez, Pamela Nicolle; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia JovannaThe quality of life of older adults living in conditions of mendicancy represents a pressing social issue characterized by instability in overall well-being. This interpretation reveals the cumulative disadvantages and the absence of support networks that compel individuals to rely on begging as their sole source of income. The level of quality of life was examined through eight dimensions: emotional well-being, interpersonal relationships, material well-being, personal development, physical well-being, self-determination, social inclusion, and rights. The research line is framed within social exclusion and integration. The objective of this study was to determine the quality of life of older adults in mendicancy supported by Fundación Otredad XXI. The research design was descriptive, employing a mixed methodology (qualitative–quantitative). The population consisted of 30 older adults, 14 women and 16 men. Data collection techniques included surveys and semi-structured interviews. For the quantitative approach, the validated GENCAT Scale with 69 items was applied to measure the quality of life of the target group. For the qualitative approach, a self-designed interview guide was developed, structured around three categories: social theory of aging, types of mendicancy, and factors associated with mendicancy. This instrument, comprising 10 questions, was validated through expert judgment. The qualitative analysis was conducted with the same population, using semantic networks and an experience matrix to synthesize information and formulate proportional theoretical insights. Subsequently, methodological triangulation was established to ensure a solid and defensible response. Findings highlighted that the majority of older adults (90%) presented a very low level of quality of life, confirming that mendicancy in old age may function as a survival mechanism derived from extreme need and comprehensive deterioration. Furthermore, the formal support provided by Fundación Otredad XXI was emphasizedItem El trabajo informaly los riesgos psicosociales(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-02-20) Chiluisa Chicaiza, Lady Aracely; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia JovannaThis research analyzes the psychosocial risks in informal work, focusing its study on the workers of the Plaza de "San Sebastián" in the Latacunga Canton. This work is relevant because psychosocial risks significantly affect the physical, mental and social well-being of workers, generating an impact on their quality of life and work performance. The main objective is to identify and evaluate the risk factors present in this population, contributing to the development of public policies and intervention strategies that improve their working conditions. The study employs a quantitative approach, allowing for the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of data. A questionnaire based on a Likert scale was designed and applied, which evaluated four key dimensions: sociodemographic data, intra-work factors, extra-work factors and stress. The data collection was carried out with the collaboration of the workers on a voluntary basis, thanks to the support ofthe president ofthe fair. The results reveal that 48% of informal workers present high or very high levels of exposure to psychosocial risks, highlighting job insecurity, insufficient income and emotional exhaustion. Additionally, 40% experience social isolation and 38% face physical health problems associated with unfavorable working conditions. Six main dimensions of risks were identified: occupational, economic, psychological, social, physical and organizational, with the lack of access to mental health services being a critical problem for 45% of those surveyed. I came to the conclusion that the psychosocial risks in informal work comprehensively affect workers, this study shows the need to implement public policies that include access to mental health services, social support networks and the gradual formalization of employment. These measures could mitigate stress, improve economic stability and promote fairer working conditions, favoring the comprehensive development of informal workers and guaranteeing their inclusion in a more equitable society.Item El Trabajo Social y el envejecimiento saludable en adultos mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-10) Aguirre León, Johanna Estefania; Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana FidenciaThe research called, social work and healthy aging in older adults is developed in four chapters, the first chapter presents an absolute review of the literature on healthy aging, social work and their interrelation, here concepts such as active aging are addressed. , quality of life in old age, factors that influence the well-being of older people and the role of social work in promoting healthy aging. Chapter 2, regarding the methodological framework, describes the methodology used to carry out the research, details the type of study, the target population, the data collection instruments and the data analysis procedure, chapter 3 describes the results and discussion of the research, includes findings on the factors that contribute to healthy aging in older adults and the role of social work in promoting these factors, the results are discussed in the context of the theoretical framework and implications for practice are highlighted of social work. In addition, Chapter 4 includes the main conclusions and recommendations of the research, makes recommendations for social work practice, public policy and future research, emphasizing the importance of social work in promoting healthy aging and suggests strategies for strengthen the intervention of social work in this area.Item Factores psicosociales y adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes en Hemodiálisis(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Mariño Paredes, Claudia Geilammy; Pino Loza, Eulalia DoloresPatients with Chronic kidney disease CKD, who receive hemodialysis treatment, face significant changes in several spheres of life that sometimes limit their adherence to treatment. Several factors converge in this process: psychological, social, economic, physical and environmental, among others. With the purpose of determining the incidence of psychosocial factors on treatment adherence in hemodialysis patients, an investigation with a quantitative approach was developed. The population consisted of 31 patients with CKD, who received hemodialysis therapy at the Clínica Integral Renal El Puyo “VIVENS”. To collect information, two instruments are applied: the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale (version adapted by Murgieri et al., 2009) and theTreatment Adherence Evaluation Questionnaire (SMAN 0.0.), (adapted by Quiroz, 2012). All patients were classified into high (68%) and medium (32%) quality of life profiles, with dimensionsrelated to the environment and physical health being the psychosocial factors with the highest incidence in these profiles. In relation to adherence to hemodialysis treatment, the level of satisfactory adherence prevailed (81%), followed by the level of high adherence (16%), and the dimension related to the healthcare team was the best valued. Using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r= 0.732), the significant relationship between the psychosocial factors variables and adherence to hemodialysis treatment is demonstrated. It is concluded that a better behavior of psychosocial factors (higher quality of life), greater adherence to hemodialysis treatment. Professionals are advised to work under a transdisciplinary model whose main focus is to improvethe quality of life of patients, as well as to monitor the behavior of psychosocial factors, in order toidentify cases at risk of nonadherence to treatment and implement intervention strategies that provide emotional support and psychosocial support to patients. patients. and relatives; as well as promotion, prevention and health education actions and intervention in groups and familiesItem El uso de dispositivos móviles en la terapia ocupacional con adultos mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Herrera Córdova, Liliana Maribel; Chiliquinga Vejar, Lorena del CarmenOccupational therapy has a fundamental role in the limitations that harm the physical, social and emotional needs in priority care groups, therefore, occupational therapy is a treatment that maintains motor and cognitive skills, allowing them to continue participating. . in activities. The techniques or tools used are the use of teaching materials, crafts, dance therapy are activities that allow working on all the physical and mental skills of older adults, however, in this study new activities were implemented to include the use of devices. mobile phones so that older adults are not left behind or isolated in the digital world. The objective of the research is to analyze the use of mobile devices in occupational therapy with older adults. The study is mixed in nature. The quantitative part was worked with two groups from the Bolívar and Benítez parishes, with a total of 40 older adults belonging to the canton of San Pedro de Pelileo and qualitatively, 10 older adults were interviewed to obtain in-depth information. The levels used were descriptive, correlational, and exploratory, each with its own synthetic, inductive-deductive and systematization analytical methods. The instrument applied was self-developed and consists of 6 sociodemographic questions and a bank of 12 questions divided into 5 sections that measure the level of satisfaction, participation, emotional and perception of occupational therapy. In addition, an interview of 3 questions was carried out with 10 older adults and 3 questions with the educators. For the interrelation of data, a semantic map was developed that consists of the triangulation of results which provides a clearer vision of the before and after. of use. of mobile devices in older adults. Although emotional and economic barriers influenced the adoption and continuity of the use of technology in activities. The results showed that the use of mobile devices and interactive applications can help keep the mind active and improve the quality of life of older adults