Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item El principio de oportunidad y el derecho de la víctima y del procesado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho penal, 2020-10) Paredes Chiliquinga, Edwin Fabián; Acosta Morales, María GabrielaThe rights and guarantees established for the protection of the inhabitants against criminal offenses in a certain territory are established in regulatory bodies, so the rights of the victim and the accused against the application of the principle of opportunity offer us alternatives to end a process according to the Organic Comprehensive Criminal Code, in this sense the scope of application of the principle of opportunity in the criminal law and criminal procedure will describe criteria on the scope and application of the aforementioned principle and that it is not limited in isolated crimes or of trifle, on the contrary that the foreseen mechanism covers more possibilities of application. The principle of opportunity in criminal matters can be used to solve infractions due to the fact of permissibility, since the Prosecutor's Office can suspend an investigation initiated or refrain from initiating one, in those crimes whose sanction has a prison term of five years, it is necessary to consider the prohibitive rules for the application of the principle such as crimes for serious violations of human rights, crimes against international humanitarian law, crimes against sexual integrity, among others, for these reasons it is necessary to carry out investigative work to establish the usefulness and regulation of the principle of opportunity and the right that the victim has and prosecuted when applying it, leaving as a concern that the procedure for application may be reformed, and consider one more margin of permissibility in the environment of its application. When applying the principle of opportunity, the right of the victim and the accused have different paths, who is more favored by the application of this principle could be the administration of justice, the victim or the accused, from different points of view, Our study will focus on the application of the principle of opportunity and the right of the victims, that is, the obligation to have the presence and will of the victim to resolve the integral reparation and the defendant to comply with the compensation for the damage caused.Item Las licencias de conducir y la sanción en el Codigo Integral Penal(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2019-11) Bedón Pazmiño, Bryan Esteeven; Acosta Morales, GabrielaThe knowledge of the sanction to the driver's licenses of the land transport means, applied by the Integral Criminal Organic Code, the sanction by the judges is of transcendental importance, it has been determined that it is an imprecise sanction without punitive power what evidence that our code has an indistinct criminal type, unable to fulfill its punishable purpose or normally known as the punishment of the offender.The methodology used has been qualitative, the researcher has had contact with the individual, who has provided necessary and pertinent information through the technique used in the interview and documentary analysis, and being our evolutionary society, our Integral Criminal Organic Code, forced to merit assess its specific coercive nature in the second-class traffic contravention, if its sanction is currently being required with the individualized, strict and independent study of the expired, canceled, revoked and suspended license. Consequently, the investigation has been obtained that the sea typified a new sanction isolated from the contraventions that fulfill their main purpose, which is to promote rehabilitation and prevent subsequent crimes. Also, the National Transit Agency administratively its licensing and registration systems do not allow a triangulation of information with the judicial and control system. In addition, a comparative study was carried out between legislations such as Peru and Colombia that maintains similarity in its sanction and in the facts, in a specific sea that is a cultural social problem that our Ecuadorian State crosses in the road traffic following a wrong established sanction. in our lawItem La aplicación de medidas Socioeducativas y la seguridad jurídica en los adolescentes infractores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-11) Zuñiga Garrido, Pablo Xavier; Tipantasig Cando, Jaime TarquinoSome scholars through the analysis of the phenomenon of crime have established several theories about the offender, indicating it as that which is done, but not born, this means that it is society itself that influences certain human behavior, in this case the commitment of crimes. So if society allows its development, it can stop or diminish criminal indices in a certain way. The present project is of considerable importance since it has the purpose of investigating how the Organic Code of Children and Adolescents, with respect to the Application of one or more Socio-educational Measures, violates the legal security of the offending adolescent since we understand that The responsibility is different from that of an adult person, responsible for their actions. Therefore, the realization of this research is feasible, because it has the necessary resources, on the one hand, the economic one, which will be assumed by the researcher, as well as having the necessary bibliographic information. In this way the present project would contribute to a productive future and contribution to the family and society by an adolescent offender, in order to recover confidence in the Ecuadorian criminal reeducation system.Item La Eutanasia en la legislación ecuatoriana(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-05) Wallinder MorochoX, Ahmed Gustav; Sánchez Espín, Jorge EnriqueFrom the advancement of society, human beings we generate our well-being and achieve a full life, leading to the constant search for a better way of life, comfort and family welfare generating a decent life. The progress of medicine has been significant in recent years, been able to determine the need for an evaluation, whether or not it is mandatory to use all possible options to keep a person alive, or whether to apply all available therapy, even if the chances of getting some improvement are minimal. Relatives of people with terminal illnesses live in a constant struggle between the keep alive their loved one and suffering caused by disease or treatment. Dying with dignity means to die without pain for direct medical intervention or assisted suicide. Any death is accompanied by suffering is considered unworthy. In this context, painless death can be caused by administering a drug in order to end life while suffering. This active involvement is selected quickly just because the patient's life and intends to do so when there is no possibility of healing and the patient has expressed a wish not to continue living. Ecuadorian law: The Constitution in its Article 66 recognizes and guarantees people: in numbers: 1-2 inviolability of life and a dignified life is necessary to emphasize here the lawmakers punish anything that attempts against the same, and guarantee a decent life without considering a full health and independent living to accomplish this is necessary; In paragraphs guarantees: 6. right to speak and express their thoughts freely and in all its forms and manifestations; 9. to make free, informed, voluntary and responsible decisions about their sexuality, and life and sexual orientation. The State shall promote access to the means to make these decisions are made in safe conditions 10. The right to make free, responsible and informed about their health, allowing to make free decisions about their life and health. The Organic Code Integral Criminal determines that the fact of killing another person is considered murder and in cases of aggravated even murder, but no article covers or leave open the possibility of asking one person to another door assist or help to die; Therefore, in relation to the above, the following research work of social problems encountered, with the aim of providing a solution to the public is presentedItem El Código Orgánico integral penal y la aplicación constitucional de penas alternativas a la privación de libertad en los delitos sancionados con prisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-04) Alpusig Jacho, Digna Isabel; Pazmiño Vargas, Klever AlonsoThe graduate work in the form of thesis entitled "INTEGRAL ORGANIC PENAL CODE AND APPLICATION OF PENALTIES CONSTITUTIONAL alternatives to deprivation of freedom for offenses punishable by imprisonment," born from the idea and view that when people have the possibility of advancing as a result of the evolutionary process of humanity, must assume a higher state of consciousness aimed at start searching for answers to the problems of others and seizing them know that the output can be provided less a problem for personal concern and a major step for the collective development of society. Under this consideration, the present investigation seeks to provide a new alternative rehabilitation for those who for various external factors such as social, economic and political inequality; and interns in your household have fallen prey to crime without finding out, so improving the methods of social reintegration and rehabilitation can improve their living conditions, concluding that the offender is corrected with unison participation of society and State. Because this standard improves and eliminates criminal inquisitorial system in the country and well as the rehabilitation of offenders not only with the enforcement of the sentence in a rehabilitation center but also a service and remuneration to the society that affect your criminal attitude. Since conditions of prisoners in social rehabilitation centers that are serving a sentence, they are affected in their physical and psychological rights, due to the inadequate conditions in which they live; resulting injured their rights to a decent life, integrity, health and the very principle of the dignity of the person and in which most detainees would be willing to meet an alternative to deprivation of liberty in the terms and conditions provided that the judge in order to compensate for some strategic place both the victim and society.Item La revictimización dentro del proceso ordinario y el delito de abuso sexual en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2016-03) Franco Sánchez, Jessica Mariela; Sánchez, JorgeIn our society it is easy to overlook everything concerning the violation of rights of victims in the development of criminal proceedings , it is why I have conducted this investigation with which a possible solution is given to the violation of the rights of victims , without affecting the normal development of ordinary criminal proceedings for which it is important to know that a victim for his condition itself can not be exposed in the administration of justice to be a direct participant in these processes , so that in no way it can allow dual vulnerability of rights , because the performance of its functions should be addressed on the basis of constitutional principles. The victimization is the result of inappropriate by judicial officers and its subsidiary bodies as well as by difficulties in the balance of the rights of the victim and the rights of the offender behavior. Generally, this phenomenon occurs because within the Code of Integral Penal, no special rules for the treatment of victims of sexual crimes in the course of criminal proceedings constantly exposing them to relive the trauma caused by the crime by having to expose repeatedly to test versions , testimonies, interviews and cross-examination. We in today's society, we are stewards of this problem, by allowing judicial institutions violate the rights of victims of sexual offenses , regardless of whether we have a supreme standard as is the Constitution which guarantees the right to nonrevictimization established in Art. 78 of the Constitution is very clear, so that covers all aspects of the victims.Item Las medidas de protección del Código Orgánico Integral Penal y la Violencia intrafamiliar en la Parroquia Carapungp-Calderón del Cantón Quito, Provincia de Pichinca(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2016-03) Andrade Altamirano, Juan Carlos; Sánchez, JorgeThe family is the nucleus of every society and part of her education on principles and values and good constumbres that every human being should profess plus, where the axis fault class citizens expect. If it is true, our society has been always framed by a sexist and classist culture from all times, but in recent decades that women have been dusting off history with truly heroic acts that allowed you to have a status equal to man washing the memories of such discrimination to go to become a group protected by law in all countries. Despite the above, even today live hard domestic violence, although it has sought to eradicate all forms is still present in Ecuadorian families, perhaps by factors that should be analyzed in order to be treated. It is for this reason that the proposed issue new renewed proposals to eradicate through strategies of violence and try to make the law falls within its regulatory sanitation to families who are now suffering from domestic violence and achieve changing the mentality seeks actors who allow this to happen.Item anciones en las contravenciones de tránsito de segunda clase en el código orgánico integral penal y el principio de proporcionalidad(2015) Guanoluisa Barragán, María Fernanda; Tite, RamiroPara desarrollar un proyecto de investigación es importante delimitar una problemática que necesita solución urgente. Y en la actualidad y con los constantes cambios y reformas a las diferentes leyes en todas las materias con la evolución de los seres humanos es evidente realizar cambios a las diferentes leyes constantemente, teniendo en cuenta el proceso de trasformación que ha desarrollado las infracciones de tránsito la sociedad requiere urgente un avance en la regulación de las sanciones conforme al conductor de un trasporte vehicular que posee cualquier tipo de licencia. En el presente trabajo, luego de una minuciosa investigación en la recolección de datos provenientes de todo tipo de sustento jurídico doctrinario, como es el Código Orgánico Integral Penal, Constitución de la República del Ecuador, libros y otros fuentes doctrinarios en Tránsito Trasporte Terrestre y Seguridad Vial, Diccionario Jurídico, páginas web en Tránsito, es por ello que está investigación se enfoca en las constantes infracciones, contravenciones por lo que se ha analizado la falta de regulación en las penas a las en materia de tránsito dentro del Código Orgánico Integral Penal. Para subsanar esté vacío se plante una reforma en el CAPÍTULO VIII INFRACCIONES DE TRÁNSITO CONTRAVENCIONES DE TRÁNSITO DE SEGUNDA CLASE EN EL CÓDIGO ORGÁNICO INTEGRAL PENAL, misma que no establece con precisión en la pena a la sanción donde que los jueces de tránsito faltan el Principio Constitucional de Proporcionalidad al momento de la aplicación de la pena. Con la presente tesis y la minuciosa investigación en el tema de transito hago llegar un análisis de la problemática que existe para la población que conduzca un automotor de cualquier tipo de licencia y la sanciones al peatón confirmando dicha hipótesis mediante una ardua investigación aplicando los instrumentos técnicos como la encuesta a la muestra establecida de la población general que nos permitió obtener los resultados presentendados actualmente.Item Los GLBTI y el principio de igualdad consagrado en la constitución de la República del Ecuador(2015) Vinueza Zurita, Magaly Jacqueline; Vayas Castro, Guillermo SantiagoLa presente investigación tiene como tema: “LOS GLBTI Y EL PRINCIPIO DE IGUALDAD CONSAGRADO EN LA CONSTITUCION DE LA REPUBLICA DEL ECUADOR.”, teniendo como dificultad principal la discriminación hacia los GLBTI, que se manifiesta por la falta de respeto a los Derechos Humanos y la poca tolerancia que se muestra en nuestra sociedad hacia este grupo de personas. Se debería mantener al margen las cuestiones personales, ya que a un ser humano no se lo debe prejuzgar y limitar el acceso al trabajo, a una entidad pública o privada, o dejarlo de tratar como tal, solo por su orientación sexual. Se debe destacar que un ser humano el cual se haya limitado su accionar diario en cualquiera que fuese el caso, deja de desarrollarse y de destacarse a nivel social, impidiéndole uno de los Principios más grandes y más importantes para todo ser humano, el Principio de Igualdad. Por lo tanto es recomendable que las personas nos sensibilicemos y comencemos a desarrollar nuestras destrezas de tolerancia, esto con el objetivo de evitar conflictos y vulneraciones de los Derechos Humanos, los cuales han llevado tantos años, y la lucha de un sin número de personas para que se los llegue a consagrar tanto en los reglamentos internos de cada país como. En el presente trabajo de investigación se da a conocer las diferentes causas por las que en nuestra sociedad se llega a manifestar la discriminación hacia los GLBTI, y con esto se vulnera el Principio de Igualdad y el Derecho que tiene cada persona de ser respetado y acogido en el entorno social. En el momento que se apliquen los Principios Constitucionales en una forma oportuna y acertada, se precautelaría de una manera eficaz los Derechos Humanos para vivir en una sociedad tolerante y respetuosa de sus leyes asi como de su ordenamiento jurídico.Item La violencia contra la mujer en la pareja y el femicidio en la ciudad de Ambato(2015) Velástegui Navas, Ana Monserrath; Tipantasig Cando, Jaime Tarquino, Dr. Msc.Esta investigación se presenta como un análisis socio-jurìdico a la problemática de la violencia contra la mujer en la pareja y la incidencia que tiene en el femicidio en nuestra población, estableciendo al final de la misma en la ciudad de Ambato medidas concretas que ayuden a la erradicación de esta lamentable realidad. La violencia contra la mujer es una situación presente en toda la sociedad que no establece diferencias en el momento de su perpetración ya que ocurre en todos los círculos sociales, culturales, etc, tiene su origen en la figura patriarcal que la región occidental adopto miles de años atrás, que se halla arraigada en la colectividad y que desarrolla el machismo en la idiosincrasia de la colectividad, siendo esta la principal causa para que coexista como algo normal que en el seno familiar o de pareja es una de sus manifestaciones más comunes y lamentables. El femicidio por su parte es la máxima representación de violencia contra una mujer que no tiene vuelta atrás donde en un capítulo de violencia la culminación fatal es la muerte de la víctima , por razones de odio de género o ideas de superioridad mal engendradas en la mente del agresor que desencadenan el delito. Las mujeres ambateñas reconocen ser o haber sido víctimas de violencia por parte de su pareja algún momento de su vida, razón por la que no se sienten libres de ser víctimas alguna vez de un caso de femicidio, y a pesar de su conocimiento en la existencia de legislación que protege sus derechos no la reconocen a detalle e incluso piensan que su existencia en nada garantiza su protección. Vivimos en una sociedad violenta donde la mujer es vulnerable a la violencia, donde los índices de femicidio aumentan alarmantemente en lugar de reducir y en donde se deben dar soluciones efectivas para la erradicación empezando por la normativa local.