Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/892

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Item
    Delitos culposos de tránsito y el principio de eficacia probatoria en la administración de justicia ecuatoriana
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-08) Mazabanda Tenelema, Christian Leonardo; Acosta Morales, María Gabriela
    In traffic offenses, evidence is the fundamental basis for demonstrating the guilt or innocence of a person being prosecuted. The present research answers some questions that could be raised at the beginning of the investigation The importance of evidence in traffic offenses? How does the insufficiency of evidence affect traffic offenses? Is the time to obtain the elements of conviction or evidence in the different stages of the ordinary procedure prudent? However, from an empirical point of view, through the judges of the Judicial Unit of Transit based in the city of Ambato, answers to these questions were obtained. In this research, the conceptualization and historical evolution of culpable crimes and the principle of evidentiary effectiveness is carried out. For which, the route that guided the research is the documentary bibliographic methodology, descriptive with a qualitative approach. The Judges of the Judicial Unit of Transit with headquarters in the city of Ambato in the Province of Tungurahua point out that mainly the incidence of the evidence in the culpable crimes in all the processes is of great importance, since based on the evidence provided by the prosecution as holder of the criminal action or the particular defense of the victim allows the judges to achieve a complete conviction of the material existence of the infraction. Therefore, if there is insufficient evidence presented by the prosecution during the preliminary investigation stage and the evidence is insufficient at the trial stage, the traffic judge must issue a ratified sentence of innocence. In addition, the traffic judges point out that the prudent time period established in article 592 of the COIP should be considered as 90 days
  • Item
    La proporcionalidad de la pena y el principio de seguridad jurídica en delitos de tránsito
    (Universida Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2020-02) Santamaría Bustillos, Mauricio Ismael; Pazmiño Vargas, Klever Alonso
    The present research project that has as its theme: “THE PROPORTIONALITY OF THE PENALTY AND THE LEGAL SECURITY PRINCIPLE IN TRAFFIC CRIMES” has as its object the study of the traffic offenses established in the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code, through It is also possible to determine whether the sanctions stipulated for offending drivers maintain harmony with the constitutional principles of proportionality and legal certainty. Proportionality and legal certainty are principles that are enshrined in our current Constitution, the first established in Article 76 number 6, which states that there will be a balance between infractions and criminal penalties, while the second determined in Art. 82 of it is based on respect for the constitution and its faithful application. After the completion of this project, it could be concluded that the application of sanctions by justice administrators is executed according to the legal budgets established in the law, but it should also be noted that the same law does not take into account several factors important mainly in regard to the disproportionality of the current contraventions, since the typification of some of them when applied establishes constitutional effects. When this occurs, the disrespect for a constitutional principle is denoted, which means that the principle of legal certainty is also violated.
  • Item
    Los Factores de riesgo y las infracciones de tránsito
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2019-02) Pazmiño Urquizo, Rafaela Anabel; Tite, Segundo Ramiro
    The research work titled: “RISK FACTORS AND TRANSIT INFRACTIONS”, performs an in-depth analysis of the few provisions contained in the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) regarding the risk factors when driving in traffic infractions that consist of five articles, as well as the principles, rights and guarantees contemplated in the Constitution of Ecuador 2008 and other national and international legal sources. After extensive theoretical and field research it was determined that the provisions of the Comprehensive Criminal Code are not sufficient to guarantee adequate training and information for drivers, but on the contrary, many times they are usually the cause of the transit justice bodies incur serious violations to the rights of protection framed in the Constitution because at present what is causing disagreement is the inadequate application of the rights that drivers have to an appropriate training and information about the factors of risk when driving and with this to eliminate the recidivism of the same ones. In this regard Article 1 of the Constitution states: "The equator is a constitutional state of rights and justice, social, democratic, sovereign, independent, unitary, intercultural, plurinational and secular. It is organized in the form of a republic and governs in a decentralized manner ... “in accordance with the provisions of the Comprehensive Criminal Organic Code and other international instruments. The training for drivers on risk factors of traffic infractions is a subject that is taking a great boost due to the alarming figures of recidivism of these drivers at local, national and international level, which is why this investigation is carried out. Aims to offer an alternative solution to the problem, through the Draft Law Reform to the Comprehensive Criminal Organic Code, Eighth Chapter, traffic infractions First section, general rules.
  • Item
    La prisión preventiva establecida en el Art. 534 del código orgánico integral penal por infracciones de tránsito y el derecho a la presunción de inocencia
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-11) Palate Palate, Byron Lizandro; Pazmiño Vargas, Klever Alonso
    The law assures an appropriate justice administration for every person in the society by means of his different legal codes that secure the fulfillment values and safeguard within a State, basics safeguards and primordial like presumption of innocence rather than the guilty. The preventive prison prescriptive in the Integral Penal Organic Code applied in traffic violations too contradictorily to the described before allow infringe the principle of innocence that all of people possess indisputably, as long as the judge says the opposite after judgments. In traffic subject the preventive prison should be an exception taking consideration of the dimension social alarm that it’s caused. Within the society the laws regulate the conduct of who form it and thanks to the accomplishment of the law the society achieve a harmony, this harmony is not broken by pleasure or single whim, especially when refer to traffic subject, the experts mention that a car driver round trip by the ways to do different activities in opposite no for contravene the laws or ignore it. Order the preventive prison for sanction anticipatorily a traffic violation produce a stage of fear at the moment of his application due to is suppose the guilty of someone before his own innocence; giving a place to the drivers decide to avoid this tricky situation and don’t proceed whit good faith staying in the place that occurred the infraction to take the reply of acts and check the infraction´s circumstances determining just like that the act´s nature and if the people deserve of this cautious measure that instead of correct the violators produce more people deprived of his liberty and like as final consequence the increase in the prison population.
  • Item
    Las contravenciones de tránsito y la proporcionalidad de las penas frente al derecho y a la libertad personal en el juzgado primero de tránsito de la corte provincial de justicia de Tungurahua.
    (2013) Jaramillo Játiva, Diego Israel
    El presente trabajo investigativo busca garantizar las disposiciones que contempla la Constitución vigente, sobre el derecho a la libertad personal y el principio de proporcionalidad, a fin de regular las distintas contravenciones de tránsito que lamentablemente no están estructuradas de acuerdo con la realidad ecuatoriana, el poder legislativo ha buscado formas de regular y mitigar los accidentes de tránsito, por cuanto el derecho a la vida ha sido excesivamente pisoteado por aquellos conductores que irresponsablemente salen a las vías sin ninguna debida precaución. Incuestionablemente el índice de accidentes de tránsito ha disminuido por la nueva norma aplicada a los infractores, pero ha aumentado las vulneraciones a los principios constitucionales, por una parte la aplicación de la prisión preventiva debe ser tomada con última ratio, por tener carácter de excepcional, responsabiliza a los jueces su aplicación, siendo fundamental proteger el derecho a la libertad que si bien es cierto la rigidez de las sanciones trata de prevalecer el derecho a la vida; es necesario no olvidar que las penas deben cumplir con una característica esencial que es la relación proporcional entre el hecho antijurídico con la sanción establecida, pero así como debe existir dicha relación, tampoco podemos dejar atrás algunos puntos fundamentales, principalmente en cuanto a la desproporcionalidad de las contravenciones actuales, ya que la tipificación de alguna de ellas al ser aplicada establece afectaciones constitucionales. El problema no sólo se presenta en la desproporcionalidad de las penas, sino además cuando al ser aplicada, la prisión preventiva, coloca a los sujetos contraventores en indefensión de sus derechos como la libertad personal, derecho al trabajo, y peor aún cuando dicha persona tiene a cargo a una familia, desempeñando el rol de padre y de madre, y dejándolos en desprotección. Claro está de que la responsabilidad debe asumirse por ser contraventor pero también debe considerarse cuál es la falta cometida, para poder restringir dichos derechos, por lo que en el presente trabajo se ha tratado de argumentar y reestructurar algunas contravenciones de tránsito.