Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item Liderazgo directivo y satisfacción de las necesidades prioritarias de los adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-05-01) Pilco Chango, Washington Javier; Ortiz Díaz, MarceloThis research aimed to determine the relationship between managerial leadership and the satisfaction of the priority needs of older adults in a foundation. The results revealed that the satisfaction of the needs of older adults is positively correlated with authoritarian and democratic leadership styles, with authoritarian leadership showing the most significant correlation (r = 0.378, p = 0.001). This finding suggests that a structured leadership style, which offers clarity and stability in management, contributes significantly to the well-being of older adults. On the other hand, democratic leadership also showed a positive relationship, although more moderate (r = 0.246, p = 0.037), indicating that participatory approaches can favor satisfaction, especially when older adults are included in decision-making. Liberal leadership, on the other hand, did not present a significant correlation, suggesting that excessive flexibility and autonomy in management are not ideal for this group, since older adults require clearer and more structured direction. This study highlights the importance of leadership styles in caring for older adults, highlighting that more authoritarian and democratic models can improve the management of their needs. Furthermore, the results are complemented by previous research that highlights deficiencies in the implementation of public policies and the lack of accessibility in health services for older adults, which highlights the need for efficient directive leadership. It is recommended to strengthen leadership training to improve the care and satisfaction of this vulnerable group. Likewise, collaboration between different institutions must be encouraged to design more effective public policies in the care of older adults.Item Las políticas sociales del adulto mayor, y el ejercicio de sus derechos en el cantón Baños, Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-05) Pérez Curillo, Elena Maribel; Espín Meléndez, María CristinaOlder adults are part of the priority care group recognized by the Ecuadorian State, to guarantee the protection and care of the elderly, the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador in its article 38 establishes social policies and care programs in favor of this group, also due to their vulnerable condition, where it seeks to implement new activities for the best exercise and quality of life, since we do not have sufficient resources. The main objective of this research work focuses on "Analyzing the effectiveness of social policies for the elderly, and the exercise of their rights in the Baños canton of the Tungurahua Province"; for which it has been necessary to apply the qualitative-quantitative method, with the use of the descriptive and explanatory type of research. Data was obtained by applying techniques and instruments such as the survey directed to the elderly and interviews directed to the authorities of the Baños canton linked to the protection of the rights of the elderly. Consequently, it was concluded that 64% opt for an improvement in health, due to their advanced age, at which they begin to have problems in the course of their life and their opinion is not taken into account to improve social services, which added to the lack of knowledge of this problem in the Baños canton does not have social policies towards the elderly in the canton.Item El Trabajo Social y el envejecimiento saludable en adultos mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-10) Aguirre León, Johanna Estefania; Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana FidenciaThe research called, social work and healthy aging in older adults is developed in four chapters, the first chapter presents an absolute review of the literature on healthy aging, social work and their interrelation, here concepts such as active aging are addressed. , quality of life in old age, factors that influence the well-being of older people and the role of social work in promoting healthy aging. Chapter 2, regarding the methodological framework, describes the methodology used to carry out the research, details the type of study, the target population, the data collection instruments and the data analysis procedure, chapter 3 describes the results and discussion of the research, includes findings on the factors that contribute to healthy aging in older adults and the role of social work in promoting these factors, the results are discussed in the context of the theoretical framework and implications for practice are highlighted of social work. In addition, Chapter 4 includes the main conclusions and recommendations of the research, makes recommendations for social work practice, public policy and future research, emphasizing the importance of social work in promoting healthy aging and suggests strategies for strengthen the intervention of social work in this area.Item El uso de dispositivos móviles en la terapia ocupacional con adultos mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Herrera Córdova, Liliana Maribel; Chiliquinga Vejar, Lorena del CarmenOccupational therapy has a fundamental role in the limitations that harm the physical, social and emotional needs in priority care groups, therefore, occupational therapy is a treatment that maintains motor and cognitive skills, allowing them to continue participating. . in activities. The techniques or tools used are the use of teaching materials, crafts, dance therapy are activities that allow working on all the physical and mental skills of older adults, however, in this study new activities were implemented to include the use of devices. mobile phones so that older adults are not left behind or isolated in the digital world. The objective of the research is to analyze the use of mobile devices in occupational therapy with older adults. The study is mixed in nature. The quantitative part was worked with two groups from the Bolívar and Benítez parishes, with a total of 40 older adults belonging to the canton of San Pedro de Pelileo and qualitatively, 10 older adults were interviewed to obtain in-depth information. The levels used were descriptive, correlational, and exploratory, each with its own synthetic, inductive-deductive and systematization analytical methods. The instrument applied was self-developed and consists of 6 sociodemographic questions and a bank of 12 questions divided into 5 sections that measure the level of satisfaction, participation, emotional and perception of occupational therapy. In addition, an interview of 3 questions was carried out with 10 older adults and 3 questions with the educators. For the interrelation of data, a semantic map was developed that consists of the triangulation of results which provides a clearer vision of the before and after. of use. of mobile devices in older adults. Although emotional and economic barriers influenced the adoption and continuity of the use of technology in activities. The results showed that the use of mobile devices and interactive applications can help keep the mind active and improve the quality of life of older adultsItem Los derechos de adultos mayores dentro de los grupos de atención prioritaria en el Ecuador y el uso de las acciones afirmativas(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-08) Santo Guanoluisa, Kerlin Dayana; Altamirano Carrasco, Rina SofiaDespite the fact that older adults belong to the priority attention group due to their vulnerable condition in Ecuador, they often face several barriers to access their rights. The objective of this research focuses on analyzing the application of affirmative actions that guarantee the rights of older adults. The methodology followed a qualitative approach based on the collection of information through primary and secondary sources, the method used was analytical since it was an in-depth research and deductive since it starts from the general and the particular, the type of research was documentary, historical, descriptive. The information was obtained through the interview technique and the instrument applied was the interview guide directed to professionals involved in the rights of older adults and affirmative actions in the canton of Ambato. The results showed that the interviewees identified a series of violated rights, as well as the barriers that older adults face in exercising their rights, such as discrimination, prejudices and negative stereotypes about old age and lack of knowledge of their rights. It is concluded that the application of affirmative actions in favor of older adults seeks to compensate for disadvantages and inequalities in order to achieve equality of conditions and guarantee the full exercise of their rights. These rights are recognized by a solid legal framework that seeks to guarantee their exercise within the framework of priority and specialized attention, and are protected by international instruments that ensure the recognition, full enjoyment and exercise of these rights under equal conditions. There are affirmative actions in favor of the elderly that guarantee fundamental rights, but there is still a great shortage of affirmative actions for other rightsItem Políticas públicas del adulto mayor y la erradicación de violencia en el cantón Salcedo(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-02) Remache Zambrano, Joselyn Milagros; Espín Meléndez, María CristinaOlder adults form part of the priority attention group recognised by the Ecuadorian State, to guarantee the protection and care of older adults the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador in its article 38 establishes public policies and attention programmes in favour of this group, who due to their vulnerable condition are prone to suffer any type of violence, be it physical, psychological, sexual, economic and patrimonial, as well as negligence and abandonment, generated by society or by their closest environment. The main objective of this research project is to "Analyse public policies to eradicate violence towards the elderly in the Salcedo Municipality", for which it has been necessary to apply the qualitative-quantitative method, using descriptive, explanatory and analytical research. Data collection was carried out through the application of techniques and instruments such as a survey of older adults and interviews with the authorities of the Salcedo municipality linked to the protection of the rights of older adults. As a result, it is concluded that 68% of the older adult population surveyed suffers from violence of some kind, and this has been generated by their closest family environment, which added to the lack of knowledge of this problem, the Salcedo municipality does not have a public policy aimed at eradicating violence against older adultsItem Los derechos de los adultos mayores y el control de convencionalidad en el Ecuador(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-02) Medina Pilataxi, Alexis Joel; Saca Balladares, Melinton FernandoThe analysis of the topic arises because older adults have commonly been considered another burden for society, they have become the object of mistreatment and discrimination, for this reason, the objective was: to analyze the way in which conventionality control is applied to guarantee the rights of older adults. The methodology followed an eminently qualitative approach through the collection of data, with the review of judicial resolutions referring to the elderly and the control of conventionality, the method was deductive with an approach from the general to the particular, in addition the interview technique was used. Aimed at judges and legal professionals, another resource was bibliographic files and mnemonic files. Regarding the results, it was obtained that the interviewees identified a series of rights that they consider violated on a recurring basis, one of them is the lack of care and protection, lack of medical care, discrimination in employment, poor access to services and others benefits; They highlight that this type of control is the most relevant and effective in the country, in addition, concentrated control is the main approach to guarantee that internal standards are aligned with international regulations. It is concluded that the rights of older adults are supported by international treaties and conventions, which establish a solid legal framework that seeks to eliminate barriers and discrimination, promoting active participation in society, guaranteeing access to essential services through recognition of their rightsItem Edadismo y desempeño laboral en docentes universitarios(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09) Salas Tipán, Luis Fernando; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia JovannaAgeism is a social issue that is present all over the world, it refers to the discrimination that a person may suffer regarding his or her age, where the most affected are the elderly. This issue has always prevailed in society and lately, a term has been coined to describe this problem "ageism". Work performance is a fundamental pillar to meet the objectives previously set within organizations. The general objective of this research is to determine the influence that ageism has on older adult teachers’ work performance working at Universidad Técnica de Ambato. The research has a quantitative approach, is descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 45 older adult teachers. For the execution of the research, a quantitative approach methodology was used based on two instruments. CENVE was used for the negative stereotypes, which consists of three dimensions "Health", "Motivational-Social-Occupational" and "Character-Personality" EVADEST was used to measure work performance, consisting of six dimensions: "Work Knowledge", "Work Quality", "Responsibility", "Productivity", "Ability and Dexterity" and "Attitude towards the Company", with a total of 25 items. Each of the instruments applied to the teachers has a reliability and validity test previously carried out by experts in the area, by means of which the level of negative stereotypes and the level of the older adult teachers’ work performance currently present are determined.Item Uso de redes sociales tecnológicas y relaciones familiares en adultos mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-03) Cunalata Altamirano, Dayana Monserrath; Chiliquinga Vejar, Lorena del CarmenSocial networks have contributed positively to affective and emotional ties in the majority of older adults, however, there is a small part of older adults who maintain an isolated experience because it is difficult for them to maintain social and family connectivity. Taking these factors into account, it is evident that older adults are integrating into these new technologies in order to maintain good family ties, to interact and maintain good communication with distant relatives. In this work we carry out several investigations to understand the acceptance of the use of social networks by the population of older adults and thus know what their motivations are, level of family relationships, fears and/or difficulties. The research is descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 183 older adults, its objective is to determine the influence of the use of technological social networks and family relationships in older adults of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security of the Active Aging Program of the Ambato canton. For the execution of the investigation, a methodology was improved with a quantitative approach based on an instrument made up of three sections, the first section consisted of 14 elements, the second section 5 elements, the third section technological means and the fourth section digital communication. In which only the third and fourth sections were designed, which were validated by experts. From the research analyzed on older adults, important aspects to be evaluated were identified to maintain a better relationship and communication with social networks by older adultsItem La Tanatología en la Espiritualidad de los Adultos Mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-03) Velastegui Zurita, Bryan Benjamín; Pino Loza, Eulalia DoloresThanatology is a science that deals with the study of what death means to a person, it accompanies people in mourning processes, especially older adults so that their physical end ishappy and dignified as every human being deserves to have, this science deepened by Dr. Elizabeth Kübler Ross has a great relationship with spirituality in human beings, this term is social theory has not been very deepened so Dr. Elizabeth Kübler Ross does not allow to have a deep approach to the most intimidating thing in human beings. Elizabeth Kübler Ross has a great relationship with the spirituality in the human being, this term is social theory has not been very deepened by which, Dr. Elizabeth does not allow to have a deep approach to the most intimate of the human being accompanying for more than 20 years to people in the process of death, and gives to know the components of the spirit and its process after the death of a person. The fields of application in thanatology will lead us to the fact that every person who is going through difficult times, can face life with knowledge, love and will as Dr. Danesh, who is a medico-physician, mentions. Danesh, who is a doctor in charge of writing the book "The psychology of spirituality", which gives us light and relationships in this internal contact with the human being" among what thanatology can do in a person is the persistence of the significant relationships of the sick or older adults, acceptance of pain, relief of conflicts, hope of the patient seen as an opportunity, understanding of what the sick person suffers, This theme allows us to dream of a transformation of the human being and therefore of society, giving theperson the place, understanding and truth that each one has and has not discovered, in social work it will allow us to carry out a more satisfactory work and will make the career itself growas one of the most important in the world since we are faced with a destroyed society that lacksthe basic component to live which is a full life, and for that to happen we must find a meaning