Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item Motivación intrínseca y cohesión social en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-07-07) Córdova Pullutasig, Dayana Anabel; Espín Miniguano, Anita DalilaCurrently, emotional well-being and community participation have gained significant importance, as population aging demands a deep understanding of these factors as essential components of quality of life. This research aimed to analyze the influence of intrinsic motivation on the social cohesion of older adults in the El Rosario parish of the Pelileo canton, taking into account the experiences and challenges they face in their daily lives. The study was conducted using a qualitative and descriptive approach through bibliographic and field research, applying semi-structured interviews to 16 participants. This allowed for an understanding of their perceptions and experiences. It was determined that they find motivation in activities such as animal care, agriculture, crafts, and participation in community spaces, as these allow them to be more useful, active, and emotionally satisfied. Challenges affecting their intrinsic motivation were also evident, such as health problems, loneliness, and limited social participation. On the other hand, factors like communication, support networks, and social interaction strengthen social bonds, a sense of belonging, and integration within the community. Furthermore, barriers hindering social cohesion were identified, such as isolation, physical limitations, and a lack of inclusive spaces, which reduce opportunities for social interaction and participation. In this regard, it is worth noting that these are fundamental elements for improving the overall well-being of older adults, as they promote their autonomy and strengthen interpersonal relationships.Item Creatividad y apoyo psicosocial en adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-07-06) Guachi Briones, Genessis Geovanna; Pino Loza, EulaliaThis study, titled "Creatividad y apoyo psicosocial en adultos mayores" and conducted at the GAD Parroquial Emilio María Terán, focused on analyzing how creativity influences the psychosocial support of local older adults. The research arose from the clear need to design strategies that address common challenges faced during this life stage, such as loneliness, isolation, and the weakening of interpersonal relationships. To approach this, a qualitative study with an exploratory-descriptive scope was carried out, utilizing a semi-structured interview on "Creatividad y apoyo psicosocial en adultos mayores"previously validated by the thesis advisor and field experts as the primary data collection technique. At the theoretical level, the literature confirmed that creativity is a key factor for active aging, boosting selfesteem, and emotional management, while psychosocial support proved essential for building stable relationships. The findings demonstrated that creativity positively impacts psychosocial support among older adults, fostering social participation, emotional well-being, and community integration.Item La Intervención Tanatológica desde el Enfoque del Trabajo Social(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-15) Acosta Pérez, Lissette Carolina; Pino Loza, Eulalia DoloresAging-related grief is a continuous process involving physical, functional, role-related, and symbolic losses that generates profound and multifaceted suffering in older adults, affecting their biopsychosocial and spiritual well-being. In Ecuador, and particularly in rural areas, this experience has remained invisible and without a specific approach from Social Work, which has traditionally prioritized palliative or assistance-based interventions without incorporating the thanatological perspective. The novelty of the research consisted in contributing to the strengthening of the professional praxis of the social worker, based on a thanatological, ethical, and humanized gaze. It is framed within the research line of Social Exclusion and Integration, under the sub-line of vulnerable groups. The general objective was to analyze the role of social workers in thanatological intervention during the accompaniment of aging-related grief in older adults from the rural parish “Huachi Grande,” Ambato canton. A qualitative approach with a descriptive and exploratory scope was used, employing the analytic-synthetic and inductive methods. The main instruments were a semi-structured interview applied to 15 social workers with experience in the area and the life-story technique administered to 15 older adults aged 65 years or older. The most relevant findings show that social workers play a leading role in emotional containment, the strengthening of support networks, and the promotion of autonomy, using systemic, humanistic, and person-centered methods, as well as techniques such as active listening, home visits, and comprehensive social diagnosis. However, they face significant barriers such as persistent loneliness, scarce family support, initial resistance from the older adult, and institutional limitations. It is concluded that the social worker is vital in transforming aging-related grief into an adaptive and dignified process through a holistic intervention that encompasses the biocorporal, cognitive-rational, socio-affective, and spiritual dimensions of the older person. It is imperative to strengthen specialized training in thanatology and to design institutional protocols that guarantee continuous, sensitive, and effective accompaniment.Item El derecho a la salud de los adultos mayores del Centro Gerontológico del Cantón Cevallos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-20) Romero Garcés, Lizbeth Abigail; Vargas Villacres, Borman RenanThe present study analyzed the fulfillment of the right to health of older adults at the Gerontological Center of Cevallos Canton, with the purpose of identifying the conditions of access and quality of the services they received, evaluating the degree of application of the legal regulations and public policies governing this right, and proposing strategies that would strengthen its guarantee. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach, with a descriptive and analytical design, applying surveys, interviews, and document review to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the situation. The results showed that, although basic health services were provided, there were persistent limitations in the availability of specialized care, continuous follow-up, and effective implementation of institutional protocols, which affected the full guarantee of the right to health. Based on these findings, the need arose to implement improvement actions aimed at institutional strengthening, resource optimization, and ongoing staff training, to ensure dignified, timely, and appropriate care for the needs of older adults in Cevallos CantonItem Dinámica Familiar en la Etapa de Jubilación(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-20) Castañeda Jiménez, Nicole Juliana; Balseca Basantes, Jeanneth ElizabethRetirement in older adults represents a significant transitional stage characterized by changes in daily routines, role readjustments, variations in family coexistence, and the need to reconfigure personal identity after leaving the workforce. The understanding of family dynamics during this stage was analyzed through nine central categories: family communication, family roles, affectivity, adaptability, family cohesion, limits and norms, conflict resolution, obstacles presented during retirement, and new forms of family interaction. This research aimed to determine the family dynamics in the retirement stage of the members of the Federation of Retirees and Pensioners of Tungurahua. The population consisted of 35 older adults, men and women between 65 and 84 years of age. A semi-structured interview technique was applied using a qualitative methodological approach, employing an instrument of 11 questions designed and validated through expert judgment. Through content analysis and the use of the Atlas.ti software, patterns, similarities, and experiences were identified that allowed an understanding of how families reorganize their coexistence after retirement. The results showed that this stage involves a series of emotional, social, and family transformations, demonstrating that family dynamics during retirement is a complex process requiring adaptation, support, and coping strategies. Finally, an intervention proposal was developed from Social Work at the individual, family, and group levels, aimed at strengthening coexistence and promoting affective communication.Item Calidad de vida en adultos mayores en estado de mendicidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-19) Cando Vélez, Pamela Nicolle; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia JovannaThe quality of life of older adults living in conditions of mendicancy represents a pressing social issue characterized by instability in overall well-being. This interpretation reveals the cumulative disadvantages and the absence of support networks that compel individuals to rely on begging as their sole source of income. The level of quality of life was examined through eight dimensions: emotional well-being, interpersonal relationships, material well-being, personal development, physical well-being, self-determination, social inclusion, and rights. The research line is framed within social exclusion and integration. The objective of this study was to determine the quality of life of older adults in mendicancy supported by Fundación Otredad XXI. The research design was descriptive, employing a mixed methodology (qualitative–quantitative). The population consisted of 30 older adults, 14 women and 16 men. Data collection techniques included surveys and semi-structured interviews. For the quantitative approach, the validated GENCAT Scale with 69 items was applied to measure the quality of life of the target group. For the qualitative approach, a self-designed interview guide was developed, structured around three categories: social theory of aging, types of mendicancy, and factors associated with mendicancy. This instrument, comprising 10 questions, was validated through expert judgment. The qualitative analysis was conducted with the same population, using semantic networks and an experience matrix to synthesize information and formulate proportional theoretical insights. Subsequently, methodological triangulation was established to ensure a solid and defensible response. Findings highlighted that the majority of older adults (90%) presented a very low level of quality of life, confirming that mendicancy in old age may function as a survival mechanism derived from extreme need and comprehensive deterioration. Furthermore, the formal support provided by Fundación Otredad XXI was emphasizedItem Apoyo Social en Adultos Mayores.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-07-30) Estupiñán Fonseca, Kevin Israel; Balseca Basantes, Jeanneth ElizabethThe present study aimed to analyze the main sources of social support available to older adults who are part of the National Network of Older Adults of Ecuador – Tungurahua branch, in the city of Ambato. The research employed a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques. Data collection included the standardized MOS Social Support Survey and was carried out using proportional stratified sampling with a total of 136 participants from 9 older adult groups in the urban area of Ambato. Additional methods included focus groups and actor mapping with representatives and professionals linked to this age group. The results show that the overall frequency of social support in this population is notably low, with an average index of only 18.32 out of 100, reflecting an insufficient and fragmented support network, predominantly composed of informal relationships. The dimensions evaluated—emotional, material, affective support, and social relationships—showed low to medium levels in over 90% of cases, indicating the presence of weak and limited ties. Furthermore, significant structural and sociocultural barriers were identified, such as service fragmentation, weak institutional coordination, lack of visibility of older adults by authorities, and limited awareness of rights among the older population. These conditions directly affect their autonomy, quality of life, and social participation. It is concluded that the current support network, both formal and informal, is ineffective in addressing the comprehensive needs of this population, contributing to persistent vulnerability in their living conditions and social integration prospectsItem Liderazgo directivo y satisfacción de las necesidades prioritarias de los adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-05-01) Pilco Chango, Washington Javier; Ortiz Díaz, MarceloThis research aimed to determine the relationship between managerial leadership and the satisfaction of the priority needs of older adults in a foundation. The results revealed that the satisfaction of the needs of older adults is positively correlated with authoritarian and democratic leadership styles, with authoritarian leadership showing the most significant correlation (r = 0.378, p = 0.001). This finding suggests that a structured leadership style, which offers clarity and stability in management, contributes significantly to the well-being of older adults. On the other hand, democratic leadership also showed a positive relationship, although more moderate (r = 0.246, p = 0.037), indicating that participatory approaches can favor satisfaction, especially when older adults are included in decision-making. Liberal leadership, on the other hand, did not present a significant correlation, suggesting that excessive flexibility and autonomy in management are not ideal for this group, since older adults require clearer and more structured direction. This study highlights the importance of leadership styles in caring for older adults, highlighting that more authoritarian and democratic models can improve the management of their needs. Furthermore, the results are complemented by previous research that highlights deficiencies in the implementation of public policies and the lack of accessibility in health services for older adults, which highlights the need for efficient directive leadership. It is recommended to strengthen leadership training to improve the care and satisfaction of this vulnerable group. Likewise, collaboration between different institutions must be encouraged to design more effective public policies in the care of older adults.Item Las políticas sociales del adulto mayor, y el ejercicio de sus derechos en el cantón Baños, Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-05) Pérez Curillo, Elena Maribel; Espín Meléndez, María CristinaOlder adults are part of the priority care group recognized by the Ecuadorian State, to guarantee the protection and care of the elderly, the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador in its article 38 establishes social policies and care programs in favor of this group, also due to their vulnerable condition, where it seeks to implement new activities for the best exercise and quality of life, since we do not have sufficient resources. The main objective of this research work focuses on "Analyzing the effectiveness of social policies for the elderly, and the exercise of their rights in the Baños canton of the Tungurahua Province"; for which it has been necessary to apply the qualitative-quantitative method, with the use of the descriptive and explanatory type of research. Data was obtained by applying techniques and instruments such as the survey directed to the elderly and interviews directed to the authorities of the Baños canton linked to the protection of the rights of the elderly. Consequently, it was concluded that 64% opt for an improvement in health, due to their advanced age, at which they begin to have problems in the course of their life and their opinion is not taken into account to improve social services, which added to the lack of knowledge of this problem in the Baños canton does not have social policies towards the elderly in the canton.Item El Trabajo Social y el envejecimiento saludable en adultos mayores(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-10) Aguirre León, Johanna Estefania; Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana FidenciaThe research called, social work and healthy aging in older adults is developed in four chapters, the first chapter presents an absolute review of the literature on healthy aging, social work and their interrelation, here concepts such as active aging are addressed. , quality of life in old age, factors that influence the well-being of older people and the role of social work in promoting healthy aging. Chapter 2, regarding the methodological framework, describes the methodology used to carry out the research, details the type of study, the target population, the data collection instruments and the data analysis procedure, chapter 3 describes the results and discussion of the research, includes findings on the factors that contribute to healthy aging in older adults and the role of social work in promoting these factors, the results are discussed in the context of the theoretical framework and implications for practice are highlighted of social work. In addition, Chapter 4 includes the main conclusions and recommendations of the research, makes recommendations for social work practice, public policy and future research, emphasizing the importance of social work in promoting healthy aging and suggests strategies for strengthen the intervention of social work in this area.