Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/892

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Uso de la detención con fines investigativos y el menoscabo al principio del Debido proceso en el Caso Lex
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-04-01)
Segura Pallo, Karla Daniela
;
León Trujillo, Edisson Santiago
The legal figure called detention for investigative purposes established in the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) in the Republic of Ecuador, legally seeks to generate a procedure where the basic constitutional guarantees and rights are fulfilled, seeking the effective realization of justice. Therefore, the present investigative project seeks to demonstrate the use of this precautionary measure and its impact on the principle of due process, focusing on the "Lex" case. An innovative study of the regression towards an inquisitorial system that may be occurring in current judicial practice is introduced, a phenomenon that has not been sufficiently studied in Ecuadorian legal doctrine. In addition, it constitutes a novel scientific perspective by exploring how this legal figure, which should be a limited investigative tool, has become a way of violating constitutional rights of the persons investigated. For this, a methodological study of an explanatory type is applied, under a qualitative, casuistic, and analytical method that allows to demonstrate a distorted use of detention; In this sense, this investigative work is immersed in the line of research of “Public policies, law and society”. Which allows to have as main result that the precautionary measure of detention for investigative purposes violates the principle of due process, and subjects the detainee to undue pressure, which reflects a legal regression both in the Ecuadorian penal system and in human rights. Concluding that the application of detention for investigative purposes in effect undermines the principle of due process
Legalización del aborto y el derecho de libertad de la mujer en Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato,Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2022-09)
Palma Poveda, Karina Michelle
;
Jordán Buenaño, Janeth Elizabeth
The right to freedom of women to make decisions about their bodies in the face of abortion has been a very controversial issue regarding the exercise of one right versus the other, which is why this study aims to analyze the legalization of abortion and the right to freedom in making decisions about women's bodies in Ecuador. For which a qualitative-quantitative approach was used, through descriptive research, which allowed characterizing the object of study arriving to the conclusions that, in Ecuador for the year 2021, in its Art. 150, if there was an unconstitutionality, this because only women with disabilities were not punished for having an abortion. However, through a ruling of the Constitutional Court, in case 34-19 IN and Accumulated, the right to freedom and non-discrimination was analyzed, thus allowing the termination of pregnancy in all women who have been victims of sexual abuse, restoring in a way the rights that were taken away from them.
La Criminología Mediática en el Ecuador y su influencia en el dictado de la prisión preventiva
(2021)
Moyolema Chaglla, Luis Alberto
;
Granizo Montalvo, César Audberto
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The following work refers to the topic of study in question. The objective of this research is to analyze why prosecutors require that personal precautionary measures of pretrial detention be dictated when this measure is a measure of last resort and the right to freedom is a right that is enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, and it is evident that, in the ventilation of trials related to corruption, collective interest is generated. The thesis is that media criminology, through the media, generates pressure on authorities because they disseminate news of a criminally relevant conduct to crimes such as influence peddling, bribery, extortion, which seeks particular benefits. The methodology is qualitative, since an analysis was made of the different speeches of the procedural subjects in the different hearings of Formulation of Charges, which showed the qualities that affect the media in the cases of the subject of the present investigation; and in the quantitative part, the criminal news were counted; likewise, the Inductive-Deductive, Analytical-Synthetic, Historical-Logical methods were used. As a result, the expected result was reached, that is to say, it was evidenced how the media affect today, in the Constitutional State of rights and justice, contributing, in xv some cases to the judgment of criminality based on stereotypes or stigmatizations; and how the media are part of the social reality with clear incidence in the treatment of the phenomena of communication are part of the social reality with clear incidence in the treatment of criminal phenomena and in the promulgation of criminal laws.
Derecho a la libertad y aplicación de la prisión preventiva en delitos de robo y hurto
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho Constitucional, 2020-10)
Jiménez Panimboza, Adriana Elizabeth
;
Guevara Fuentes, José Rubén
The increase in the number of persons deprived of liberty in Ecuador draws the attention of all State institutions. State security is not reflected by the fact that there are more people incarcerated; On the contrary, in many countries a perverse circle of insecurity has taken root, where prisons constitute precisely one of its main links. The adversarial accusatory system, prosecutors and defense lawyers litigate before an impartial judge. But reforms to justice systems were oriented and had a fundamentally punitive approach, contravening logic, common sense and, above all, specialized recommendations. It should also be mentioned that Ecuadorian criminal legislation, as of August 10, 2014, the date on which the Organic Integral Criminal Code entered into force encouraged the abuse of pretrial detention. The judges currently issue preventive detention to a person without sufficient elements of trial since they do not know the profile of the persons processed, demographic data and family context: if they have family charges, labor relations, study, partner, income level, Disability, despite the lack of knowledge, judges issue preventive detention.
El derecho a la seguridad jurídica y la modificación del procedimiento de rebaja de penas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho Constitucional, 2020-09)
Parra Zimbaña, Laura Leonila
;
Pazmiño Vargas, Klever Alonso
Legal Security in Ecuador is recognized as Right, Principle and Guarantee. As Law, it is established in Art. 82 of the Constitution of the Republic, which is based on respect for the Fundamental Charter and on the existence of previous, clear, public legal norms applied by the competent authorities (Constituent Assembly, 2008). As a Principle, it recognizes the legislature as being constitutionally responsible for creating, modifying or repealing the regulations that involve constitutional rights, and at the same time, it charges the judges with giving certainty and confidence to the citizens regarding the correct application of the law, since, Only in this way can people predict the effects and consequences of their acts or omissions. And as a Guarantee, Legal Security is the foundational and common mechanism for all individuals, guaranteed in the Constitutional Charter in order to protect the individual and collective rights of the inhabitants of the State. In the specific case, since the persons deprived of liberty are members of the Ecuadorian State and constitutionally recognized as a group of priority attention, they enjoy the right to Legal Security and other rights inherent to the human being, therefore, the Council of the Judiciary when issuing Resolution 085-2014 establishes a new requirement and modifies the procedure already existing in the relevant regulations to access the benefit of Reduction of Penalties for Merits, violated the Legal Security constitutionally established, since said requirement that varies the procedure is not covered by Favorability for the inmate, but distressing the procedure that must be followed by those deprived of liberty who have fulfilled the requirements to obtain their early release. This resolution also contravenes the Principle of Reserve of Law, since the Council of the Judiciary is the administrative organ of the Judicial Function, which can only regulate the rights that are guaranteed in the norm and that lacks procedure, but not, negatively modify the pre-existing ones as in the present case, in which through Resolution 085-2014 increases a requirement and changes the procedure previously established in the Code of Execution of Penalties and Social Rehabilitation (National Congress, 2006), in the Regulations Substitute for the General Regulation of Application of the Code of Execution of Penalties and Social Rehabilitation (Executive Function, 2001) and in the Regulation for the Granting of Reduction of Penalties by Merit System (National Council of Social Rehabilitation, 2008). With the application of the information collection instruments, it was determined that the Judicial Council with the issuance of Resolution 085-2014 violates the right to Legal Security, since it is not constitutionally empowered to establish requirements and procedures through a resolution. contrary to those already established, because with this change it is generating a decrease in the percentages of reduction of penalties for merits of persons deprived of liberty, despite the fact that the PPLs have fully complied with training, health, social work, and appropriate behavior programs offered by the Social Rehabilitation Centers, thus harming the Right to Freedom that the inmates who have positively changed their behavior become creditors, also generating prison overcrowding and violation of the other rights enjoyed by persons deprived of liberty.
El derecho a la libertad del indígena y su correlación en el proceso penal ordinario en Ecuador
(Universida Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Maestria en Derecho Penal, 2020-03)
Palate Sailema, Mauricio Emmanuel
;
Acosta Morales, María Gabriela
Preserving human rights and, above all, the freedom of the indigenous peoples of the planet, represents one of the priorities of all national and international organizations that seek to internalize integrated processes; leaving aside the discrimination and inequality of opportunities of the inhabitants without considering their races. When analyzing ordinary criminal legal processes, related to human rights, it is important to determine the space or environment where they occur. In this investigation, we consider Ecuador, known as a country that promotes its plurinational and pluricultural nature, trying to generate cohesion between its different processes that seek order and justice around punishable acts and its correlation towards respect and rights. to the freedom on the part of the natives, at the time of presenting ordinal judgments. Everything derives from the existence of internal conflicts that link irregularities and inconsistencies in the criminal procedure and the rights of indigenous people to the fairness of laws. There is a confrontation that does not help clarification or the growth of the rights of the inhabitants emanating from the Ecuadorian constitution. The research is descriptive qualitative, and is located within the paradigm of interpretation. At the same time it is supported by an experimental field investigation, taking advantage of the closeness of the researcher with the observed fact. The results reveal that the right to indigenous freedom must be constantly analyzed by all those involved in their respect and vulnerability. Criminal procedural laws should serve as a platform for all existing requirements within the legal framework to be met, regardless of the nature of the accused. Finally, the conclusions show the importance of respecting the rights to indigenous freedom, especially in ordinary criminal matters. The differences that may be presented should not be a reason to enter into conflicts that lead to the violation of human rights.
El derecho a la libertad y sus efectos en la comunidad GLBTI
(2016)
Salinas Salinas, Alba Marina
;
Espín Sandoval, Luis Fernando
La comunidad glbti (gays, lesbianas, bisexuales, transexuales e intersexuales), busca que se les reconozca sus derechos y no se les discrimine. El 17 de mayo de 1992 la oms elimino la homosexualidad de la lista de enfermedades mentales y paso a ser un día contra la homofobia y transfobia. Se ha pedido que deroguen leyes en las que se criminaliza la homosexualidad o discriminación por orientación sexual. En el Ecuador la Constitución de 1998 prohibía la discriminación por orientación sexual, mientras que en la constitución actual del 2008 va más allá debido a que reconoce la unión de hecho entre personas del mismo sexo como un estado civil, que genera los mismos efectos jurídicos, derechos y obligaciones de un matrimonio. El Presidente Rafael Correa mantuvo una reunión el 18 de Agosto del 2014 con la comunidad GLBTI y anuncio el registro de uniones de hecho. La ciudadanía por la escasa difusión del derecho a la libertad ha ocasionado el conocimiento limitado y por lo tanto la pasividad de la comunidad GLBTI, que no ha conseguido igualdad de derechos. De seguir habiendo el desconocimiento al derecho a la libertad la comunidad GLBTI, seguirá expuesta a la discriminación. Esta investigación aportara a la divulgación, conocimiento y aplicación del Derecho a la Libertad por parte de la comunidad GLBTI. Se han realizado temas de investigación de tesis que se aproximan a la comunidad GLBTI. En uno de los temas propuestos encontramos que las parejas del mismo sexo desde el punto sociológico no hay una razón para no considerarlas como familias debido a que este concepto ha cambiado en la actualidad. Mediante esta investigación se plantea la observación así como alternativas de solución, una propuesta que se fundamentara en la Constitución. En la Constitución de la República del Ecuador encontramos que se caracteriza por que todas las personas somos iguales; nadie puede ser discriminado por etnia, orientación sexual u otros, previene formas de violencia y discriminación. La Constitución es la norma suprema y prevalece sobre cualquier otra del ordenamiento jurídico. Las normas y actos del poder público deben ser de acuerdo a la constitución. La Constitución y los Tratados Internacionales de Derechos Humanos, prevalecerán sobre cualquier otra norma jurídica. El derecho a la libertad es el derecho fundamental que tienen las personas de llevar a cabo sus decisiones, así como elegir entre una acción u omisión efectuadas de un modo independiente.

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