Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

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    Estudio de factibilidad para la elaboración de una cerveza a base de malta de cebada y papa (Solanum tuberosum) como adjunto en el cantón Ambato perteneciente a la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería en Alimentos, 2023-09) Chango Pandashina, Nina Abigail; Cadena Carrera, Santiago Esmiro
    The overproduction of potatoes represents a limitation for fair trade of this tuber within the Ecuadorian market, causing vulnerability to the sectors dedicated to potato cultivation and commercialization. Therefore, the present dissertation analyzed the financial feasibility of implementing a microenterprise dedicated to the production of beer made from barley malt and potatoes in the city of Ambato. The feasibility study consisted of several stages, including the respective market, technical, organizational, administrative, and financial studies. The market study allowed for an objective determination of the potential demand for the product within a competitive market. Subsequently, the technical study provided an overview of the project's size and engineering, primarily defining the process to be carried out, considering Ecuadorian regulations governing this type of product. Additionally, a plant distribution proposal was developed to enable an efficient production process. Similarly, the administrative study determined several important aspects for the company, such as the name of the microenterprise, product, labels, required workforce, and others. Finally, upon analyzing the financial study, it was determined that the creation of the URCUPI microenterprise is economically viable, as the results showed a Net Present Value (NPV) of 158169,81 USD, a 28 percentage Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and a Payback Period (PRI) of 1 year, with an initial investment of $130580 USD.
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    Caracterización nanoscópica superficial de películas de almidón extraído de tubérculos andinos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2023-03) De La Vega Camalle, Jhomara Mercedes; Casado Rojo, Santiago
    Biopolymers are an alternative to synthetic polymers. In particular, starch-based films have a huge research potentiality: they are non-toxic, easily degradable, use green chemistry, and can be obtained from many different natural sources. In order to use them for practical applications it’s important to understand the ultimate causes of their useful macroscopic properties, and they may be found at the nanoscopic scale. Here we present analysis performed by atomic force microscopy, characterizing the nanoscopic topographic surfaces of samples extracted from the Andean tubers melloco (Ullucus tuberosus), mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum), oca (Oxalis tuberosa) and potato (Solanum tuberosum). Measurements revealed significant differences among the films extracted from these tubers. These results were contrasted to macroscopic measurements such as moisture content, total soluble matter, elastic properties, opacity and IR absorption spectra. Phase contrast segregation and topography AFM tapping images permitted the correlation. Hence, we could relate those samples with granular and phase segregations at the nanoscale to the less elastic forces and water affinity.
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    Determinación de escenarios de la producción de alimentos frente al Cambio Climático en la Provincia de Tungurahua tomando como muestra los cultivos de maíz (Zea mays), papa (Solanum tuberosum), mora (Rubus ulmifolius) y tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería en Alimentos, 2021-09) Villamarín Cueva, Andrea Belén; Franco Crespo, Christian David
    In Ecuador, the study of the climate is a complicated subject because there are few records, especially in remote areas where it is known that there are negative effects of Climate Change, however, they have not been quantified, creating uncertainty by not having information for a analysis of future consequences and makes it difficult to implement actions to combat the effects of the climate. Pests and diseases in crops, the increase in temperature, water scarcity and the variation of rainfall are the impacts that affect agricultural production and the availability of food. To determine the impact of the Climate Change Scenarios in Ecuador on the production of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius), tree tomato (Solanum betaceum), corn (Zea mays), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) in the province of Tungurahua was used The GAMS software, with the use of linear programming and based on databases, surveys and information collected, provided data on the future consequences of the studied crops as a result. With the analysis of each result on the incidence of water scarcity aggravated by Climate Change, it is established that the only crop that would be able to resist this change by 2050 would be corn, which could generate an increase in prices of The crops forging problems for the Food Security of Ecuador by not having enough resources to maintain production and supply the population.
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    Determinación de escenarios de la producción de alimentos frente al Cambio Climático en la Provincia de Tungurahua tomando como muestra los cultivos de maíz (Zea mays), papa (Solanum tuberosum), mora (Rubus ulmifolius) y tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería en Alimentos, 2021-09) Jordán Lescano, Andrés Isaac; Franco Crespo, Christian David
    In Ecuador, the study of the climate is a complicated subject because there are few records, especially in remote areas where it is known that there are negative effects of Climate Change, however, they have not been quantified, creating uncertainty by not having information for a analysis of future consequences and makes it difficult to implement actions to combat the effects of the climate. Pests and diseases in crops, the increase in temperature, water scarcity and the variation of rainfall are the impacts that affect agricultural production and the availability of food. To determine the impact of the Climate Change Scenarios in Ecuador on the production of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius), tree tomato (Solanum betaceum), corn (Zea mays), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) in the province of Tungurahua was used The GAMS software, with the use of linear programming and based on databases, surveys and information collected, provided data on the future consequences of the studied crops as a result. With the analysis of each result on the incidence of water scarcity aggravated by Climate Change, it is established that the only crop that would be able to resist this change by 2050 would be corn, which could generate an increase in prices of The crops forging problems for the Food Security of Ecuador by not having enough resources to maintain production and supply the population.
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    Aprovechamiento de residuos Agroindustriales, cascarilla de arroz (Oriza sativa) y residuos de papa (Solanum tuberosum) para la producción de Trichoderma spp.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2012) Ramírez Bayas, Silvana Gabriela; Navas Miño, Gladys Cecilia
    Las especies del género Tríchoderma spp., son los microorganismos antagonistas más utilizados para el control de enfermedades en plantas ocasionadas por fitopatógenos. Tríchoderma spp., ha sido estudiado como agente de control biológico durante más de 70 años, pero solo hasta hace poco tiempo, las cepas de este microorganismo han comenzado a adquirir un valor comercial importante debido a que sus sistemas de producción han sido escalados a nivel piloto y semi-industrial. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido darles una utilidad y un mayor valor agregado a los residuos agroindustriales, representando una posibilidad de expansión para las industrias y apoyando también a la solución de un problema medioambiental. La investigación se basó en un estudio experimental comparativo para encontrar el residuo agroindustrial, que represente un sustrato económico y de fácil adquisición, en el cual Trichoderma spp., tenga un buen desarrollo y una elevada producción de esporas viables. Las condiciones óptimas de crecimiento y desarrollo de Trichoderma spp., se establecieron de acuerdo a un diseño experimental AxB y un análisis estadístico en el programa Infostat, la variable que se estudió fue la producción de biomasa en Conidios/g de sustrato en fermentación sólida; utilizando la técnica de conteo de conidios en la cámara de Neubauer. Los factores a considerar fueron, el tipo de sustrato, con tres niveles, cascarilla de arroz (Oriza sativa), residuos de cáscara de papa (Solanum tuberosum) y la mezcla de los dos sustratos en estudio; cincuenta por ciento de cascarilla de arroz y cincuenta por ciento de residuos de papa. Se eligió, además, la Temperatura debido a que es un factor clave dentro del proceso de fermentación sólida, puesto que está directamente relacionado con la actividad metabólica del microorganismo y la velocidad de crecimiento; con dos niveles, 25 y 30ºC. La mayor producción de biomasa (4,92x 10¹¹ Conidios/g de sustrato) se obtuvo en la fermentación a1b2 (Sustrato-Cascarilla de arroz; Temperatura-30ºC). Mientras que las más bajas concentraciones se presentaron en los sus tratos a base de residuos de cáscara de papa.