Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

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    Análisis Filogenético de Estructura y Genoma de enzima PETasa de Ideonella sakaiensis
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2021-01) Garcés Cifuentes, Andrés Benjamín; Terán Mera, David Andrés
    The bioinformatic studies presented on this work consisted of phylogenetic analysis, structure modeling and molecular docking. On the phylogenetic analysis, more than a hundred identified sequences like PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis were aligned with it. Said information was used to identify high homology sequences that codify for enzymes with possible PET hydrolytic activity. Through this procedure three enzymes were found that meet similar features. The enzyme Pbs from Acidovorax delafieldii (PbsA), DHL from Rizhobacter gummiphilus and DHL from Polyangium brachysporum. Protein structure modelling was performed using SWISSPROT. This needed since the three enzymes did not possess a crystallographic model present on any database. The templates used for the modelling reported are solution higher than 1.8 Armstroms. The molecular docking procedure was performed through AutodockTools. A PET monomer was used as ligand. As result the fixation energies of each enzyme were determined through enzymatic kinetics calculations. This value is a good indicator of substrateenzyme affinity. Finally, plasmid extraction, cell transformation and qualitative analysis of enzymatic activity was carried out in the E. coli (rosetta) cell line. The importance of this study lies in the discovery of PETase activity in already known proteins, which offers more biotechnological options for the treatment of plastic waste, which is an environmental problem that has progressively become a priority worldwide.
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    Análisis filogenético de Komagataeibacter xylinus K2G30=UMCC2756 para la producción de biofilms a partir de suero lácteo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería en Alimentos, 2021-01) Balseca Mora, Evelyn Karina; Cerda Mejía, Liliana Alexandra
    Bacterial cellulose, being an organic, renewable, and biodegradable biopolymer has received considerable attention. Here, the production of bacterial cellulose by Komagataeibacter xylinus K2G30 (UMCC 2756) was studied in static culture using Hestrin and Schramm (HS) medium with total replacement of glucose by whey and lactic acid. Furthermore, phylogenetic trees were made from sequences of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene from the species K. xylinus, K. europaeus, K. hansenii and K. intermedius, which revealed that they lacked the lac operon responsible for lactose hydrolysis. Due to these characteristics, they can explain that the highest production of BC by the K. xylinus K2G30 strain was achieved with the use of lactic acid as the sole carbon source. Results provide important information for future studies on the synthesis of BC from different carbon sources, including raw materials from industrial waste such as whey, which must be previously fermented for better assimilation.
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    Identificación y clasificación de bacterias con potencial en biotecnología vegetal
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2018-12) Reinoso Caicedo, Gladys Estefanía; Rodríguez Meza, Carlos Alberto
    Forty-four bacteria were classified, which were separated into 3 groups of interest according to their possible uses in plant biotechnology processes. In the phenotypic study of the strains, data were obtained from their macroscopic, microscopic and physiological characteristics. By direct observation of the colony, stains, tests of resistance to different conditions of the medium and tests of use of different sources of carbon. In the molecular study the characteristics were obtained by the BOX PCR reaction of all the strains. Both, phenotypic and molecular characteristics were analyzed using the coefficient of Simple similarity (SSM) and the UPGMA algorithm. The species groups formed in this analysis helped to select the strains that were identified by sequencing the 16s rDNA gene. To obtain the species that belonged each strain was carried out the phylogenetic analysis in the program PHYDIT, using the coefficient of Jukes-Cantor and Neighbour joining algorithm to obtain the phylogenetic tree. From which a total of 16 different species were obtained, where those belonging to the genus Bacillus were the dominant ones with a total of 11 species. Two species of Enterobacter were also obtained and only one species of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas and Lysinibacillus. It should be emphasized that these species are distributed in the 3 groups of interest demonstrating the diversity existing in the collection of bacteria used in this study.