Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial

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Modelo de distribución óptima para bodegas mediante mapas de calor: un enfoque hacia la ergonomía y eficiencia operativa
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial., 2026-06-29)
Aldaz Toaza, Andres Isai
;
Aldas Salazar, Darwin Santiago
;
Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
The primary objective of this project was to develop an optimal distribution model for warehouses using heat maps, with a focus on ergonomics and operational efficiency at Corporación Impactex Cía. Ltda. In an initial phase, an assessment of current storage conditions was conducted using the IPISI method, which was supplemented by direct observation, data collection on picking frequencies, and an ergonomic evaluation of the staff. This study made it possible to identify shortcomings related to ergonomic conditions, operational routes, and product location within dispatch activities. Consequently, the WhHeatMap software was used to process the collected data and create heat maps, making it possible to identify the areas with the highest operational activity and movement patterns within the warehouse. The redistribution proposal, based on ergonomics, picking frequency, and accessibility criteria, was developed from these findings. The Time-Based Route Optimization Index (IOTR) and Route Reduction Index (IRR) metrics were created to evaluate its performance. The results showed that 51.52% of products improved their routes, resulting in an overall travel optimization of 6.27%. Additionally, the estimated total travel time was reduced by 18.51%, representing a significant improvement in the efficiency of picking and dispatch operations.
Prevención de riesgos ergonómicos en el personal de producción en Nala Store
(2026-01)
Garcés Garcés Christian Mateo
;
López Arboleda Jéssica Paola
;
Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial
This study develops a proposal for an ergonomic risk prevention program aimed at production staff at the textile company NALA STORE, which manufactures sportswear and clothing. The problem analyzed focuses on workers' exposure to ergonomic risk factors resulting from forced postures, repetitive movements, and prolonged static positions during production tasks. The research was conducted using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach. The study population consisted of five production workers in the cutting, straight sewing, overlock, and quality control departments. To identify risks, the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire was used to detect musculoskeletal symptoms and the RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) method was used for postural assessment. The results showed unfavorable ergonomic conditions in most of the workstations evaluated, highlighting cervical flexion greater than 20°, wrist deviations, trunk inclination, and repetitive movements of the upper extremities. The RULA assessment yielded a score of 7 (Action Level 4) in 80% of the workstations analyzed, indicating a high level of risk that requires corrective measures. Based on the diagnosis obtained, an ergonomic risk prevention program was designed, structured around three areas: workplace redesign, ergonomics training, and the establishment of active breaks, aimed at mitigating the risks identified and strengthening the company's preventive management.
Análisis de riesgos laborales en la línea de producción de la empresa Calzado Yair
(2025-07)
Toasa Naranjo Santiago Alexander
;
Mariño Rivera Christian José
;
Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial
The purpose of this study is to analyze the occupational risks in the production line of the company “Calzado Yair”, to safeguard the health and integrity of workers and improve operating conditions. To this end, three specific objectives were set: to identify the processes and activities of the production line, to identify hazards with their respective risk estimation and assessment, and to develop a safety plan aimed at their mitigation. The methodology used was based on technical visits to the plant, direct observation, interviews and the application of the GTC 45 methodology for the identification, estimation and evaluation of risks. It was possible to establish a detailed characterization of each job and the associated hazards, prioritizing those of greater frequency and severity. Among the relevant findings are ergonomic due to forced postures and by repetitive movements. Based on the evaluation carried out, a safety plan was designed with specific preventive measures, such as ergonomic adaptations, equipment maintenance, signage, correct use of personal protective equipment and periodic training. The study concludes that the progressive implementation of the proposed plan will significantly reduce risk levels, improve productivity and promote a safe and healthy work environment within the organization.
Riesgo por carga mental en el personal de producción de la empresa “Ralomtex” ubicada en la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-08)
Sailema Cushpa, Alex Santiago
;
Ureña Aguirre, Jeanette del Pilar
Mental workload in the work environment is a determining factor that affects both the well-being of workers and business productivity. This study focuses on analyzing the mental workload in the production personnel of the textile company "RALOMTEX". Using a mixed methodology between a literature review and a detailed field study, recognized tools such as the NASA-TLX method, the ERGOS method and the Cooper-Harper Scale were applied. These tools allowed us to accurately quantify the levels of stress and mental overload in employees, providing a solid basis for the analysis. The results indicate that time demand is the main risk factor, affecting 21.3% of the staff, followed by frustration level with 18.9% and effort with 17.3%. These findings are relevant for female and Overlock workers, who reported high levels of stress and mental fatigue. These critical factors require urgent intervention to improve both workers' mental health and production efficiency. The research concludes with the need to implement a comprehensive risk prevention program adapted to the textile sector, based on NC ISO 10075-2: 2009. This program seeks to mitigate individual and organizational risks, improve the work environment and reduce exposure to psychosocial factors. In addition, the study introduces innovations by integrating contextualized mental workload assessment tools to provide a robust framework for future research and preventive actions.
Riesgos ergonómicos en el personal administrativo de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-08)
Cobo Mosquera, Paul Sebastián
;
López Arboleda, Jessica Paola
The primary objective of the study conducted at the Faculty of Systems, Electronics, and Industrial Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato was to identify ergonomic risks among administrative staff. This study was initiated in response to the issue of musculoskeletal disorders affecting the productivity and well-being of the staff due to inadequate ergonomic conditions in the workplace. The applied methodology included a diagnosis of workstations, risk assessment using the ROSA method, and the proposal of a prevention program. This approach combined bibliographic and field research techniques, utilizing direct observations and tools such as surveys and interviews to collect data. The results indicated that 64% of the administrative staff face a high risk requiring intervention, while 22% are in a critical situation with very high risks demanding urgent action. Additionally, 14% of the workstations could benefit from minor adjustments. Based on these findings, it was concluded that it is imperative to implement a prevention program that includes adjustments to workstations, ergonomic training, and the incorporation of active breaks. This program not only addresses the identified risks but also promotes a safer work environment and raises awareness about the importance of ergonomics, thereby improving the health and productivity of the staff.
Redistribución de instalaciones bajo un enfoque ergonómico de los puestos de trabajo en el área de postcosecha de la empresa Flowers Gem
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02)
Guano Gutiérrez, Julio Andrés
;
Naranjo Chiriboga, Israel Ernesto
La industria de las flores es una de las más fuertes a nivel mundial, ya que, en América Latina, las ventas representan aproximadamente el 30% del total mundial, lo que la convierte en la segunda región exportadora de flores, razón por la cual en la presente investigación se expone como, la empresa Flowers GEM busca implementar estrategias para mejorar la competitividad empresarial, una de estas es la adecuada gestión de áreas de trabajo, por lo que, actualmente se ha identificado que la disposición de las áreas de trabajo es inapropiada y no permite un trabajo continuo entre procesos, lo cual genera diversos riesgos ergonómicos como son movimientos repetitivos, posturas de trabajo forzadas, puestos de trabajo con iluminación insuficiente, entre otros que generan cuellos de botella y retrasos en la cadena productiva. Por lo que, se ha planteado el presente estudio, cuyo propósito principal es proponer una redistribución de instalaciones con estudios ergonómicos de los puestos de trabajo en el área de postcosecha de la empresa Flowers GEM, bajo la metodología denominada Proyecto de investigación, la cual permitió aprovechar los conocimientos adquiridos durante la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, la investigación fue de campo donde se realizó la recopilación de información mediante la observación y de tipo bibliográfico-documental, ya que consistió en la búsqueda de información en fuentes de relevancia científica. Donde se implementó una metodología PRISMA y para la aplicación de los instrumentos se consideró el área de postcosecha, la cual cuenta con 5 trabajadores. Tras la ejecución de la investigación, se desarrolló una propuesta de redistribución de instalaciones que incluye el diseño de estaciones de trabajo y análisis de los movimientos y posturas. Dicha propuesta fue analizada por medio de FlexSim: 3D Simulation Modeling and Analysis Software; los resultados del modelo con un nivel de precisión del 95,5%, permiten incrementar la capacidad de 836 a 900 cajas procesadas al mes y disminuir la distancia de recorrido de 39,61 metros a 33,95 metros, lo que presenta un ahorro mensual de $68,91 dólares para la empresa.
Riesgo ergonómico derivado de la actividad manual en los operarios del departamento de producción de la empresa Reencauchadora de la Sierra, Caucho Sierra S.A.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-09)
Chuncha Ashqui, Erika Carolina
;
Morales Perrazo, Luis Alberto
According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), musculoskeletal disorders account for 59% of all occupational diseases worldwide. One of the causes of this issue is ergonomic risks associated with forced postures, repetitive movements, manual lifting of loads, among other risk factors. Therefore, the research objective is to assess the ergonomic risk arising from manual activities among the workers in the production department of the company Reencauchadora de la Sierra, Caucho Sierra S.A. The research was of a descriptive nature, based on ergonomic assessment methods within a population of six (6) males, in the areas of reaming, banding, and vulcanization; the results determined that in the vulcanization area, two workers are exposed to a high level of risk (score 10) due to postural load, evaluated using the REBA method; in the reaming area, three workers are exposed to a moderate level of disergonomic risk (score 1.5) due to manual lifting of loads evaluated by the NIOSH method, and an unacceptable level of risk (score 22.5) for repetitive movements evaluated with the OCRA method; finally, in the buffing area, one worker has an unacceptable risk level (score 22.5) due to repetitive movements evaluated with the OCRA method. It is concluded that the studied workforce population is overexposed to disergonomic risks due to postural load, manual lifting of loads, and repetitive movements that could affect their health.
El confort postural y su relación con el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores del área de manufactura de la empresa textil “Ropa Infantil Ecuatoriana”.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-03)
Peña Simba, Joel Alejandro
;
Morales Perrazo, Luis Alberto
Productivity in textile companies is directly influenced by human resource, which in turn is affected by working conditions in which they work, some of these conditions are the postures; therefore, this investigation objective is to relate postural risks with performance work level for operators at RIE company manufacturing area. The work was part of an applied investigation on a 22 operators population at manufacturing area, through a postural analysis with Rapid Upper Limb Assessment "RULA" method; While the work performance was analyzed through a study of times with timing back to zero, performance factor based on the Westinghouse system and supplements according to the recommended by OIT. Postural analysis results determined that 45.45% (10 workers) have a high risk level due to poor job design of the job and postural vices. Time study determined that the production capacity efficiency is not as expected, that is, less than 100%. Spearman's non-parametric test determined an inverse relationship level (-0,767) between the work performance and the positions adopted by the workers in their activities development, with a value of 0.010. Finally, it is concluded that work performance decreases as the level of postural risk increases; therefore, the investigated company must redesign its jobs.
Riesgos ergonómicos en los puestos de trabajo del personal del Sindicato de Choferes Profesionales “15 de agosto”
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2022-09)
Salinas Acosta, Pamela Michelle
;
Tigre Ortega, Franklin
Nowadays, the different work activities carried out by office workers have increased as well as the relevance of Occupational Health. The uncomfortable postures that workers maintain during their workday can be detrimental to the musculoskeletal system. Similarly, those who work in vehicles are also exposed to ergonomic risks due to forced and monotonous postures. These risk situations can cause pain, discomfort or injuries that can be mild or severe. Therefore, the present research work developed an evaluation of the level of ergonomic risk in each workstation of Sindicato de Choferes Profesionales "15 de Agosto". These evaluations were carried out using the ROSA Method for the office workstations, while the REBA Method was applied for the driving instructors, who work in the Institution's vehicles, and for the doorman. The result of these evaluations was that 100% of the office jobs require action as soon as possible. On the other hand, in the case of driving instructors, 66.67% of the risk level to which they are exposed is low, so that no action is required. While in only 16.66%, action is necessary, although not as soon as possible. Finally, for the janitor, the result was that action is necessary as soon as possible due to the fact that his risk level is high. Therefore, as a proposed solution, a program of active breaks was developed, which is recommended to be carried out at least twice per working day or every 2 hours. In addition, a proposal for the characteristics that office elements should have, their proper use and postures to be adopted by office workers. The guide to good postures in the vehicle details the location of the vehicle elements and the appropriate postures.
Las actividades bomberiles en los procesos operativos de atención prehospitalaria e incendios y su incidencia en los trastornos musculoesqueléticos a nivel de columna
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2019)
Morocho Dután, Luis Armando
;
Tigre Ortega, Franklin Geovanny
SUMMARY In the present research work an ergonomic study focused on the area of the column within the framework of the firefighting activities developed during the structural, forest fire and prehospital combat by the operational firefighters, begins with a significant analysis of the jobs through the development of the initial risk matrix, analysis of the main activities, collection of the weights of protective implements and equipment used in emergencies and analysis of the results of occupational examinations of the operating staff column having the notion of the present problems, then the present ergonomic risks of the activities that within the initial risk matrix have entered into the control parameters are analyzed, by means of the selection of international evaluation methods according to the risk, this is how the following: REBA for postu forced, MAC for cargo handling; which allows to evaluate and determine the level of risk of the evaluated activities; having a technical base of the level of affectation that the personnel perceives during the attention of emergencies, finally, there are control measures that allow to control the detected risk, being the main measures the following ones: generation of a muscle strengthening program of the spine, program of adequate feeding according to the level of metabolic requirement of the activities to be developed and finally accompanied by procedures of the main tasks that are carried out within the activities of combat of forest fires, structural and prehospital care.

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